CVE-2019-11253: K8s.io/kubernetes XML Entity Expansion And Improper Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-pmqp-h87c-mr78
CVSS 7.5
CWE-776 CWE-20
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2019-11253 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) xml entity expansion and improper vulnerability (CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')) affecting K8s.io/kubernetes libraries in the Go ecosystem. The issue involves xml entity expansion and improper input validation in kubernetes api server. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.13.12, 1.14.8, 1.15.5, 1.16.2.

CVE-2019-11253 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2019-11253
GHSA Identifier GHSA-pmqp-h87c-mr78
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Affected Product K8s.io/kubernetes
Package Ecosystem Go
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2019-11253

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected K8s.io/kubernetes dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

k8s.io/kubernetes fixed: 1.13.12
Upgrade k8s.io/kubernetes to 1.13.12
k8s.io/kubernetes fixed: 1.14.8
Upgrade k8s.io/kubernetes to 1.14.8
k8s.io/kubernetes fixed: 1.15.5
Upgrade k8s.io/kubernetes to 1.15.5
k8s.io/kubernetes fixed: 1.16.2
Upgrade k8s.io/kubernetes to 1.16.2
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

inspect dependencies for k8s.io/kubernetes

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2019-11253, inspect your project dependencies for K8s.io/kubernetes:

inspect dependencies for k8s.io/kubernetes

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of K8s.io/kubernetes in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.13.12), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion'), where the product uses xml documents and allows their structure to be defined with a document type definition (dtd), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities. In K8s.io/kubernetes, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Improper input validation in the Kubernetes API server in versions v1.0-1.12 and versions prior to v1.13.12, v1.14.8, v1.15.5, and v1.16.2 allows authorized users to send malicious YAML or JSON payloads, causing the API server to consume excessive CPU or memory, potentially crashing and becoming unavailable. Prior to v1.14.0, default RBAC policy authorized anonymous users to submit requests that could trigger this vulnerability. Clusters upgraded from a version prior to v1.14.0 keep the more permissive policy by default for backwards compatibility. ### Specific Go Packages Affected k8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apiserver

CVE-2019-11253 Affected K8s.io/kubernetes Versions

4 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.13.121.14.81.15.51.16.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
k8s.io/kubernetes
Go
≥ 1.0.0
< 1.13.12
1.13.12
k8s.io/kubernetes
Go
≥ 1.14.0
< 1.14.8
1.14.8
k8s.io/kubernetes
Go
≥ 1.15.0
< 1.15.5
1.15.5
k8s.io/kubernetes
Go
≥ 1.16.0
< 1.16.2
1.16.2

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2019-11253?
CVE-2019-11253 is a security vulnerability in K8s.io/kubernetes involving XML Entity Expansion and Improper Input Validation in Kubernetes API server under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion').
Which K8s.io/kubernetes versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.13.12, 1.14.8, 1.15.5, 1.16.2 across affected packages: k8s.io/kubernetes.
What version fixes CVE-2019-11253?
Upgrading to 1.13.12, 1.14.8, 1.15.5, 1.16.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is k8s.io/kubernetes affected?
Yes, k8s.io/kubernetes is affected in releases prior to 1.13.12, 1.14.8, 1.15.5, 1.16.2. Upgrade your dependency to 1.13.12, 1.14.8, 1.15.5, 1.16.2 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-11253?
CVE-2019-11253 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-11253?
CVE-2019-11253 is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion') (The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.).
How can I check Go dependencies for CVE-2019-11253?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for k8s.io/kubernetes'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-pmqp-h87c-mr78",
  "modified" : "2026-02-27T20:08:47Z",
  "published" : "2021-05-18T15:38:48Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2019-11253" ],
  "summary" : "XML Entity Expansion and Improper Input Validation in Kubernetes API server",
  "details" : "Improper input validation in the Kubernetes API server in versions v1.0-1.12 and versions prior to v1.13.12, v1.14.8, v1.15.5, and v1.16.2 allows authorized users to send malicious YAML or JSON payloads, causing the API server to consume excessive CPU or memory, potentially crashing and becoming unavailable. Prior to v1.14.0, default RBAC policy authorized anonymous users to submit requests that could trigger this vulnerability. Clusters upgraded from a version prior to v1.14.0 keep the more permissive policy by default for backwards compatibility.\n\n### Specific Go Packages Affected\nk8s.io/kubernetes/pkg/apiserver",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "k8s.io/kubernetes"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.13.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "k8s.io/kubernetes"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.14.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.14.8"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "k8s.io/kubernetes"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.15.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.15.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "k8s.io/kubernetes"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.16.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.16.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11253"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/issues/83253"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/83261"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3239"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3811"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:3905"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://gist.github.com/bgeesaman/0e0349e94cd22c48bf14d8a9b7d6b8f2"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/kubernetes-security-announce/jk8polzSUxs"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2022-0703"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20191031-0006"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-20", "CWE-776" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-05-17T21:06:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2019-10-17T16:15:10Z"
  }
}