CVE-2019-11027: Ruby openid Ruby-openid SSRF Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-fqfj-cmh6-hj49
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CVSS 9.8
CWE-918
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2019-11027 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) ruby-openid ssrf vulnerability (CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)) affecting Ruby openid libraries in the RubyGems ecosystem. The issue involves ruby-openid ssrf via claimed_id request. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.9.0.

CVE-2019-11027 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2019-11027
GHSA Identifier GHSA-fqfj-cmh6-hj49
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Affected Product Ruby openid
Package Ecosystem RubyGems
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2019-11027

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Ruby openid dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

ruby-openid fixed: 2.9.0 
Upgrade ruby-openid to 2.9.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for ruby-openid

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2019-11027, inspect your project dependencies for Ruby openid:

inspect dependencies for ruby-openid

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Ruby openid in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.9.0), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF), where the web server receives a url or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this url, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination. In Ruby openid, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Ruby OpenID (aka ruby-openid) through 2.8.0 is vulnerable to SSRF. Ruby-openid performs discovery first, and then verification. This allows an attacker to change the URL used for discovery and trick the server into connecting to the URL, which might be a private server not publicly accessible. Severity can range from medium to critical, depending on how a web application developer chose to employ the ruby-openid library. Developers who based their OpenID integration heavily on the "example app" provided by the project are at highest risk.

CVE-2019-11027 Affected Ruby openid Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.9.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
ruby-openid
gem/ruby-openid
RubyGems
< 2.9.0
2.9.0

References

NVD — CVE-2019-11027 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11027
Ruby openid Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid/issues/122
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid/commit/d181a8a2099c64365a1d24b29f6b6b646673a131
Ruby openid Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid
Ruby openid Release RELEASE
https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid/releases/tag/v2.9.0
Ruby openid Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/ruby-openid/CVE-2019-11027.yml
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/10/msg00014.html
marc.info/ WEB
https://marc.info/?l=openid-security&m=155154717027534&w=2
Ruby openid Security Information SECURITY
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-09

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2019-11027?
CVE-2019-11027 is a security vulnerability in Ruby openid involving ruby-openid SSRF via claimed_id request under CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).
Which Ruby openid versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.9.0 across affected packages: ruby-openid.
What version fixes CVE-2019-11027?
Upgrading to 2.9.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is ruby-openid affected?
Yes, ruby-openid is affected in releases prior to 2.9.0. Upgrade your dependency to 2.9.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-11027?
CVE-2019-11027 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-11027?
CVE-2019-11027 is classified under CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) (The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.).
How can I check RubyGems dependencies for CVE-2019-11027?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for ruby-openid'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-fqfj-cmh6-hj49",
  "modified" : "2023-07-05T19:06:46Z",
  "published" : "2019-06-13T16:15:56Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2019-11027" ],
  "summary" : "ruby-openid SSRF via claimed_id request",
  "details" : "Ruby OpenID (aka ruby-openid) through 2.8.0 is vulnerable to SSRF. Ruby-openid performs discovery first, and then verification. This allows an attacker to change the URL used for discovery and trick the server into connecting to the URL, which might be a private server not publicly accessible. Severity can range from medium to critical, depending on how a web application developer chose to employ the ruby-openid library. Developers who based their OpenID integration heavily on the \"example app\" provided by the project are at highest risk.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
      "name" : "ruby-openid"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
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      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.9.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11027"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid/issues/122"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid/commit/d181a8a2099c64365a1d24b29f6b6b646673a131"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openid/ruby-openid/releases/tag/v2.9.0"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/ruby-openid/CVE-2019-11027.yml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2019/10/msg00014.html"
  }, {
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  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202003-09"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-918" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2019-06-13T15:45:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}