CVE-2011-0448: Activerecord SQL Injection Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-jmm9-2p29-vh2w
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CWE-89
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2011-0448 is a HIGH sql injection vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting Activerecord libraries in the RubyGems ecosystem. The issue involves activerecord vulnerable to sql injection. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.0.4.

CVE-2011-0448 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2011-0448
GHSA Identifier GHSA-jmm9-2p29-vh2w
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product Activerecord
Package Ecosystem RubyGems
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix CVE-2011-0448

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Activerecord dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

activerecord fixed: 3.0.4 
Upgrade activerecord to 3.0.4
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for activerecord

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2011-0448, inspect your project dependencies for Activerecord:

inspect dependencies for activerecord

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Activerecord in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.0.4), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In Activerecord, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Ruby on Rails 3.0.x before 3.0.4 does not ensure that arguments to the limit function specify integer values, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct SQL injection attacks via a non-numeric argument.

CVE-2011-0448 Affected Activerecord Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.0.4
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
activerecord
gem/activerecord
RubyGems
≥ 3.0.0
< 3.0.4
3.0.4

References

NVD — CVE-2011-0448 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-0448
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/354da43ab0a10b3b7b3f9cb0619aa562c3be8474
Activerecord Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rails/rails
Activerecord Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activerecord/CVE-2011-0448.yml
Activerecord Security Information SECURITY
https://web.archive.org/web/20201220214809/http://securitytracker.com/id?1025063
Activerecord Security Information SECURITY
http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-security/msg/4e19864cf6ad40ad?dmode=source&output=gplain
lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-a... WEB
http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2011-April/057650.html
weblog.rubyonrails.org/2011/2/8/new-releas... WEB
http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2011/2/8/new-releases-2-3-11-and-3-0-4

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2011-0448?
CVE-2011-0448 is a security vulnerability in Activerecord involving activerecord vulnerable to SQL Injection under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which Activerecord versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.0.4 across affected packages: activerecord.
What version fixes CVE-2011-0448?
Upgrading to 3.0.4 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is activerecord affected?
Yes, activerecord is affected in releases prior to 3.0.4. Upgrade your dependency to 3.0.4 or later.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2011-0448?
CVE-2011-0448 is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check RubyGems dependencies for CVE-2011-0448?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for activerecord'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-jmm9-2p29-vh2w",
  "modified" : "2023-05-12T17:17:16Z",
  "published" : "2017-10-24T18:33:38Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2011-0448" ],
  "summary" : "activerecord vulnerable to SQL Injection",
  "details" : "Ruby on Rails 3.0.x before 3.0.4 does not ensure that arguments to the limit function specify integer values, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct SQL injection attacks via a non-numeric argument.",
  "severity" : [ ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
      "name" : "activerecord"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.0.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2011-0448"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/354da43ab0a10b3b7b3f9cb0619aa562c3be8474"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rails/rails"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/activerecord/CVE-2011-0448.yml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://web.archive.org/web/20201220214809/http://securitytracker.com/id?1025063"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://groups.google.com/group/rubyonrails-security/msg/4e19864cf6ad40ad?dmode=source&output=gplain"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2011-April/057650.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://weblog.rubyonrails.org/2011/2/8/new-releases-2-3-11-and-3-0-4"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-06-16T21:43:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2011-02-21T18:00:01Z"
  }
}