CVE-2026-55858: Mariadb java client Mariadb-java-client Has Inappropriate Encoding For Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9
CVSS 5.9
CWE-838
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-55858 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.9) mariadb-java-client has inappropriate encoding for vulnerability (CWE-838: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context) affecting Mariadb java client libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves mariadb-java-client has inappropriate encoding for output context. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, 3.5.9.

CVE-2026-55858 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-55858
GHSA Identifier GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9
CWE Classification CWE-838: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context
Affected Product Mariadb java client
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2026-55858

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Mariadb java client dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client fixed: 2.7.14
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
    <version>2.7.14</version>
</dependency>
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client fixed: 3.3.5
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
    <version>3.3.5</version>
</dependency>
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client fixed: 3.4.3
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
    <version>3.4.3</version>
</dependency>
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client fixed: 3.5.9
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.9</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.mariadb.jdbc

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-55858, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.mariadb.jdbc

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Mariadb java client in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.7.14), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.mariadb.jdbc command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-838: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context, where the product uses or specifies an encoding when generating output to a downstream component, but the specified encoding is not the same as the encoding that is expected by the downstream component. In Mariadb java client, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Summary The connector encodes and decodes all character data assuming the connection character set is UTF-8. A server can change character_set_client mid-session to a non-UTF-8 charset, after which the driver and server interpret the same bytes under different encodings, causing silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch. ### Details The driver encodes and decodes all character data on the assumption that the connection character set is UTF-8. Charset can be changed by commands like SET NAMES... commands. If the new charset is not UTF-8, the driver continues to read and write UTF-8 while the server interprets the same bytes under a different encoding. The result is silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch. Charset confusion of this kind is also the primitive that can defeat byte-wise quoting/escaping when client and server disagree on a multi-byte encoding. ### Impact Silent data corruption and a client/server encoding mismatch once the connection's charset diverges from UTF-8. Because the mismatch undermines the assumption that quoting/escaping operates on UTF-8 bytes, it belongs to the charset-confusion class that can lead to SQL injection. ### Patches Fixed in 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9. Upgrade to the patched release on your branch (3.5.x → 3.5.9, 3.4.x → 3.4.3, 3.0/3.1/3.2/3.3.x → 3.3.5, 2.x → 2.7.14). Once the connection is fully initialized, any subsequent charset change to a value that is not utf8 / utf8mb3 / utf8mb4 is rejected: the driver raises a SQLException with SQLState 08000 (connection exception) and closes the connection rather than continuing to exchange data under a mismatched encoding. ### Workarounds There is no reliable application-level workaround. ### Credit Reported by Yalguun Tumenkhuu ([@fg0x0](https://github.com/fg0x0/)).

CVE-2026-55858 Affected Mariadb java client Versions

4 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.7.143.3.53.4.33.5.9
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client
Maven
< 2.7.14
2.7.14
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client
Maven
≥ 3.0.0
< 3.3.5
3.3.5
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client
Maven
≥ 3.4.0
< 3.4.3
3.4.3
org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client
Maven
≥ 3.5.0
< 3.5.9
3.5.9

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-55858?
CVE-2026-55858 is a security vulnerability in Mariadb java client involving mariadb-java-client has Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context under CWE-838: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context.
Which Mariadb java client versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, 3.5.9 across affected packages: org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client.
What version fixes CVE-2026-55858?
Upgrading to 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, 3.5.9 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is mariadb-java-client affected?
Yes, org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client is affected in releases prior to 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, 3.5.9. Upgrade your dependency to 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, 3.5.9 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-55858?
CVE-2026-55858 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-55858?
CVE-2026-55858 is classified under CWE-838: Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context (The product uses or specifies an encoding when generating output to a downstream component, but the specified encoding is not the same as the encoding that is expected by the downstream component.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-55858?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.mariadb.jdbc'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9",
  "modified" : "2026-08-28T22:47:19Z",
  "published" : "2026-08-28T22:47:19Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-55858" ],
  "summary" : "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client has Inappropriate Encoding for Output Context",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nThe connector encodes and decodes all character data assuming the connection character set is UTF-8. A server can change character_set_client mid-session to a non-UTF-8 charset, after which the driver and server interpret the same bytes under different encodings, causing silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch.\n\n### Details\n\nThe driver encodes and decodes all character data on the assumption that the connection character set is UTF-8. \nCharset can be changed by commands like SET NAMES... commands.\n\nIf the new charset is not UTF-8, the driver continues to read and write UTF-8 while the server interprets the same bytes under a different encoding. The result is silent data corruption and a client/server charset-confusion mismatch. Charset confusion of this kind is also the primitive that can defeat byte-wise quoting/escaping when client and server disagree on a multi-byte encoding.\n\n### Impact\n\nSilent data corruption and a client/server encoding mismatch once the connection's charset diverges from UTF-8. Because the mismatch undermines the assumption that quoting/escaping operates on UTF-8 bytes, it belongs to the charset-confusion class that can lead to SQL injection.\n\n### Patches\n\nFixed in 2.7.14, 3.3.5, 3.4.3, and 3.5.9. Upgrade to the patched release on your branch (3.5.x → 3.5.9, 3.4.x → 3.4.3, 3.0/3.1/3.2/3.3.x → 3.3.5, 2.x → 2.7.14). Once the connection is fully initialized, any subsequent charset change to a value that is not utf8 / utf8mb3 / utf8mb4 is rejected: the driver raises a SQLException with SQLState 08000 (connection exception) and closes the connection rather than continuing to exchange data under a mismatched encoding.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThere is no reliable application-level workaround.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported by Yalguun Tumenkhuu ([@fg0x0](https://github.com/fg0x0/)).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.7.14"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.3.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.4.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.4.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.mariadb.jdbc:mariadb-java-client"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.5.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.5.9"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/security/advisories/GHSA-xvr9-35cr-46v9"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/300716bef1e1d0370a41be7863b88aa2d55fbb69"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/7b3c69221b5463ee03472654040b3f6b9e5329c7"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/8cfd9df697372ad4ed09fe87a34b34babb6d43d6"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/commit/c555c9b477521be0c35c3a5461f9f46681553607"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/2.7.14"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.3.5"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.4.3"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/mariadb-corporation/mariadb-connector-j/releases/tag/3.5.9"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://jira.mariadb.org/browse/CONJ-1317"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-838" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-08-28T22:47:19Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}