GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j: Duplicate Advisory Vm2 NodeVM Can Replace The Vulnerability

CRITICAL
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CVSS 10.0
CWE-732
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j is a CRITICAL (CVSS 10.0) vm2 nodevm can replace the vulnerability (CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves vm2 nodevm can replace the host process tls trust store. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 10.0
CWE Classification CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 10.0

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

vm2 fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install vm2@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls vm2

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls vm2

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls vm2 command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource, where the product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors. In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-98xx-8mx4-x7cm. This link is maintained to preserve external references. ## Original Description vm2 versions from 3.11.3 before 3.11.7 expose the host tls module to NodeVM sandbox code, allowing attackers to call tls.setDefaultCACertificates() and replace process-wide certificate authorities. Attackers with access to allowed tls and url builtins can use URLSearchParams to create host-realm arrays and manipulate the TLS trust store, enabling subsequent host HTTPS clients to accept attacker-controlled certificates.

GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
vm2
npm/vm2
npm
≥ 3.11.3
≤ 3.11.6

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-98xx-8mx4-x7cm
NVD — GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92941
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.11... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.11.3-before-3.11.7-tls-trust-store-manipulation

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j?
GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving vm2 NodeVM can replace the host process TLS trust store under CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource.
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: vm2.
What version fixes GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is vm2 affected?
Yes, vm2 is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j?
GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j?
GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j is classified under CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource (The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls vm2'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-xq74-c7jx-8w5j",
  "modified" : "2026-10-01T15:27:12Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-17T15:32:15Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-10-01T15:27:12Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: vm2 NodeVM can replace the host process TLS trust store",
  "details" : "## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-98xx-8mx4-x7cm. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nvm2 versions from 3.11.3 before 3.11.7 expose the host tls module to NodeVM sandbox code, allowing attackers to call tls.setDefaultCACertificates() and replace process-wide certificate authorities. Attackers with access to allowed tls and url builtins can use URLSearchParams to create host-realm arrays and manipulate the TLS trust store, enabling subsequent host HTTPS clients to accept attacker-controlled certificates.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:H/SI:H/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "vm2"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.11.3"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "3.11.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-98xx-8mx4-x7cm"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92941"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-3.11.3-before-3.11.7-tls-trust-store-manipulation"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-732" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-10-01T15:27:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-17T14:17:59Z"
  }
}