GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p: Netty codec http2 Netty-codec-http2 Vulnerable To HTTP/2 Rapid Vulnerability

HIGH
Share
CVSS 7.5
CWE-400
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) netty-codec-http2 vulnerable to http/2 rapid vulnerability (CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) affecting Netty codec http2 libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves netty-codec-http2 vulnerable to http/2 rapid reset attack. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.1.100.Final.

GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Affected Product Netty codec http2
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Netty codec http2 dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

io.netty:netty-codec-http2 fixed: 4.1.100.Final 
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-codec-http2</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.100.Final</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Netty codec http2 in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.1.100.Final), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, where the product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. In Netty codec http2, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

A client might overload the server by issue frequent RST frames. This can cause a massive amount of load on the remote system and so cause a DDOS attack. ### Impact This is a DDOS attack, any http2 server is affected and so you should update as soon as possible. ### Patches This is patched in version 4.1.100.Final. ### Workarounds A user can limit the amount of RST frames that are accepted per connection over a timeframe manually using either an own `Http2FrameListener` implementation or an `ChannelInboundHandler` implementation (depending which http2 API is used). ### References - https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 - https://blog.cloudflare.com/technical-breakdown-http2-rapid-reset-ddos-attack/ - https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/identity-security/google-cloud-mitigated-largest-ddos-attack-peaking-above-398-million-rps/

GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p Affected Netty codec http2 Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.1.100.Final
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
io.netty:netty-codec-http2
maven/io.netty/netty-codec-http2
Maven
< 4.1.100.Final
4.1.100.Final

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/apple/swift-nio-http2/security/advisories/GHSA-qppj-fm5r-hxr3
GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p
NVD — GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44487
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/58f75f665aa81a8cbcf6ffa74820042a285c5e61
Netty codec http2 Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/netty/netty
CVE Official Record — GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p CVE
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p?
GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p is a security vulnerability in Netty codec http2 involving netty-codec-http2 vulnerable to HTTP/2 Rapid Reset Attack under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Which Netty codec http2 versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.1.100.Final across affected packages: io.netty:netty-codec-http2.
What version fixes GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p?
Upgrading to 4.1.100.Final (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is netty-codec-http2 affected?
Yes, io.netty:netty-codec-http2 is affected in releases prior to 4.1.100.Final. Upgrade your dependency to 4.1.100.Final or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p?
GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p?
GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p",
  "modified" : "2023-11-06T22:08:35Z",
  "published" : "2023-10-10T22:22:54Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "io.netty:netty-codec-http2 vulnerable to HTTP/2 Rapid Reset Attack",
  "details" : "A client might overload the server by issue frequent RST frames. This can cause a massive amount of load on the remote system and so cause a DDOS attack. \n\n### Impact\nThis is a DDOS attack, any http2 server is affected and so you should update as soon as possible.\n\n### Patches\nThis is patched in version 4.1.100.Final.\n\n### Workarounds\nA user can limit the amount of RST frames that are accepted per connection over a timeframe manually using either an own `Http2FrameListener` implementation or an `ChannelInboundHandler` implementation (depending which http2 API is used).\n\n### References\n- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487\n- https://blog.cloudflare.com/technical-breakdown-http2-rapid-reset-ddos-attack/\n- https://cloud.google.com/blog/products/identity-security/google-cloud-mitigated-largest-ddos-attack-peaking-above-398-million-rps/",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.netty:netty-codec-http2"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.1.100.Final"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio-http2/security/advisories/GHSA-qppj-fm5r-hxr3"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-xpw8-rcwv-8f8p"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44487"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/58f75f665aa81a8cbcf6ffa74820042a285c5e61"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-400" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-10-10T22:22:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}