CVE-2025-9973: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-xm8v-8xxf-7x94
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CVSS 6.4
CWE-284
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-9973 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.4) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-284: Improper Access Control) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-9973 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-9973
GHSA Identifier GHSA-xm8v-8xxf-7x94
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.4
CWE Classification CWE-284: Improper Access Control
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.4

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L).

Attack Vector Adjacent (AV:A)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required High (PR:H)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix CVE-2025-9973

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-9973, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-284: Improper Access Control, where the product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Due to not validating the organization context when executing adaptive authentication flows, the WSO2 Identity Server allows adaptive authentication logic to be triggered on unintended organizations. A malicious actor with privileges to configure adaptive authentication within one organization can leverage this functionality to execute authentication logic on other organizations and sub-organizations. This flaw allows bypassing authorization boundaries between organizations, leading to unauthorized access to critical operations and user accounts in other organizations. When adaptive authentication is enabled in a multi-organization deployment, a malicious actor with privileges to configure adaptive authentication in one organization could exploit this feature to perform critical operations in other organizations without authorization. This may result in privilege escalation, unauthorized access to resources, and potential account takeover across organizations.

References

NVD — CVE-2025-9973 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9973
Software Security Information SECURITY
https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4530

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-9973?
CVE-2025-9973 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-284: Improper Access Control.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-9973?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-9973?
CVE-2025-9973 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.4 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-9973?
CVE-2025-9973 is classified under CWE-284: Improper Access Control (The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-9973?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-xm8v-8xxf-7x94",
  "modified" : "2026-05-11T12:32:32Z",
  "published" : "2026-05-11T12:32:32Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-9973" ],
  "details" : "Due to not validating the organization context when executing adaptive authentication flows, the WSO2 Identity Server allows adaptive authentication logic to be triggered on unintended organizations. A malicious actor with privileges to configure adaptive authentication within one organization can leverage this functionality to execute authentication logic on other organizations and sub-organizations.\n\nThis flaw allows bypassing authorization boundaries between organizations, leading to unauthorized access to critical operations and user accounts in other organizations. When adaptive authentication is enabled in a multi-organization deployment, a malicious actor with privileges to configure adaptive authentication in one organization could exploit this feature to perform critical operations in other organizations without authorization. This may result in privilege escalation, unauthorized access to resources, and potential account takeover across organizations.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-9973"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4530"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-284" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-05-11T12:16:11Z"
  }
}