CVE-2026-45991: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-x889-prf3-g3vg
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CVSS 7.8
CWE-787
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-45991 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.8) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2026-45991 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-45991
GHSA Identifier GHSA-x889-prf3-g3vg
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.8
CWE Classification CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Local (AV:L)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-45991

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-45991, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write, where the product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: udf: fix partition descriptor append bookkeeping Mounting a crafted UDF image with repeated partition descriptors can trigger a heap out-of-bounds write in part_descs_loc[]. handle_partition_descriptor() deduplicates entries by partition number, but appended slots never record partnum. As a result duplicate Partition Descriptors are appended repeatedly and num_part_descs keeps growing. Once the table is full, the growth path still sizes the allocation from partnum even though inserts are indexed by num_part_descs. If partnum is already aligned to PART_DESC_ALLOC_STEP, ALIGN(partnum, step) can keep the old capacity and the next append writes past the end of the table. Store partnum in the appended slot and size growth from the next append count so deduplication and capacity tracking follow the same model.

References

NVD — CVE-2026-45991 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45991
cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ss... WEB
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html
git.kernel.org/stable/c/058b451b10... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/058b451b1039f056d1362c4fec2229e522366ab0
git.kernel.org/stable/c/08841b06fa... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08841b06fa64d8edbd1a21ca6e613420c90cc4b8
git.kernel.org/stable/c/08fa5d818e... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08fa5d818e5bf53c7ca234d88ba334f32004e9b6
git.kernel.org/stable/c/68013a9bd4... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/68013a9bd4c01acd42073715f00e1a1992f089ee
git.kernel.org/stable/c/73df74544b... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73df74544b55241dca5dd788523e6f5f10bd2b9b
git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad3c0c4400... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad3c0c4400686f6f37b382aaa48fac2b9aefccbe
git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5597bb83f... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5597bb83fc37b5b5da74a4453fa920b932cf39a
git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8474cfbac... WEB
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8474cfbac9ada2cdaa4eaedec22aadfa0f58559

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-45991?
CVE-2026-45991 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2026-45991?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-45991?
CVE-2026-45991 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-45991?
CVE-2026-45991 is classified under CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write (The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-45991?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
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  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-x889-prf3-g3vg",
  "modified" : "2026-10-15T12:30:35Z",
  "published" : "2026-05-27T15:33:20Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-45991" ],
  "details" : "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nudf: fix partition descriptor append bookkeeping\n\nMounting a crafted UDF image with repeated partition descriptors can\ntrigger a heap out-of-bounds write in part_descs_loc[].\n\nhandle_partition_descriptor() deduplicates entries by partition number,\nbut appended slots never record partnum. As a result duplicate\nPartition Descriptors are appended repeatedly and num_part_descs keeps\ngrowing.\n\nOnce the table is full, the growth path still sizes the allocation from\npartnum even though inserts are indexed by num_part_descs. If partnum is\nalready aligned to PART_DESC_ALLOC_STEP, ALIGN(partnum, step) can keep\nthe old capacity and the next append writes past the end of the table.\n\nStore partnum in the appended slot and size growth from the next append\ncount so deduplication and capacity tracking follow the same model.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45991"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-784472.html"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/058b451b1039f056d1362c4fec2229e522366ab0"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/08841b06fa64d8edbd1a21ca6e613420c90cc4b8"
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    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b5597bb83fc37b5b5da74a4453fa920b932cf39a"
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    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e8474cfbac9ada2cdaa4eaedec22aadfa0f58559"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-787" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-05-27T14:17:16Z"
  }
}