CVE-2026-46371: Fleet Observer-level Enrollment Secret Extraction Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-x4qr-qw6h-wvxq",
  "modified" : "2026-06-26T20:20:41Z",
  "published" : "2026-06-12T21:00:48Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-46371" ],
  "summary" : "Fleet: Observer-level enrollment secret extraction via ORDER BY oracle on Apple MDM commands endpoint",
  "details" : "### Summary\n\nA vulnerability in Fleet's Apple MDM commands listing endpoint allowed authenticated users with the lowest-privilege Observer role to extract sensitive values from joined database tables — including host enrollment secrets and Apple Push Notification Service (APNS) tokens — through a cursor-based binary search oracle. The endpoint accepted a user-supplied `order_key` parameter that was not validated against a column allowlist.\n\n### Impact\n\nThe `GET /api/v1/fleet/mdm/apple/commands` endpoint constructs its query using a deprecated helper that did not restrict which columns could appear in the `ORDER BY` clause. The underlying query joins the `hosts` and `nano_enrollments` tables, so any column on those tables could be supplied as `order_key`. An attacker with Observer credentials could then use the cursor-based pagination parameter (`after`) to binary-search the value of the chosen column one character at a time. The targeted values never appeared in the response body, but the presence or absence of results revealed each character.\n\nWith extracted `node_key` or `orbit_node_key` values, an attacker could impersonate enrolled hosts to Fleet's osquery and Orbit endpoints, submit fabricated host data, and retrieve pending scripts and commands. The APNS values are exploitable only by a party that also possesses the organization's APNS certificate.\n\nExploitation required authenticated Observer access and a Fleet deployment with Apple MDM enabled and at least one queued MDM command. Instances without Apple MDM configured were not affected.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf an immediate upgrade is not possible, administrators should:\n\n- Restrict the Observer role to fully trusted users until the patch is applied\n- Rotate `node_key` and `orbit_node_key` for any host suspected of exposure by re-enrolling the affected hosts\n\n### For more information\n\nIf there are any questions or comments about this advisory:\n\nEmail Fleet at [security@fleetdm.com](mailto:security@fleetdm.com)\nJoin #fleet in [osquery Slack](https://join.slack.com/t/osquery/shared_invite/zt-h29zm0gk-s2DBtGUTW4CFel0f0IjTEw)\n\n### Credits\n\nFleet thanks the Security Team at Palantir Technologies for responsibly reporting this issue.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.84.2"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 4.84.1"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-x4qr-qw6h-wvxq"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/fleetdm/fleet"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-200", "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-06-12T21:00:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}