CVE-2026-25485: Craftcms/composer Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-w8gw-qm8p-j9j3",
  "modified" : "2026-02-03T21:40:14Z",
  "published" : "2026-02-02T22:45:03Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-25485" ],
  "summary" : "Craft Commerce has Stored XSS in Shipping Categories (Name & Description) Fields Leading to Potential Privilege Escalation",
  "details" : "## Summary\nA stored XSS vulnerability in Craft Commerce allows attackers to execute malicious JavaScript in an administrator’s browser. This occurs because the Shipping Categories (Name & Description) fields in the **Store Management** section are not properly sanitized before being displayed in the admin panel.\n\n---\n## Proof of Concept\n\n### Requirments\n- General permissions:\n\t- Access the control panel\n\t- Access Craft Commerce\n- Craft Commerce permissions:\n\t- Manage store settings\n\t- Manage shipping\n- An active administrator elevated session\n\n### Steps to Reproduce\n\n1. Log in to the Admin Panel with the attacker account with the permissions mentioned above.\n2. Navigate to **Commerce** -> **Store Management** -> **Shipping Categories** (`/admin/commerce/store-management/primary/shippingcategories`).\n3. Create a new shipping category.\n4. In the **Name** field, enter the following payload:\n```html\n<img src=x onerror=\"alert(document.domain)\">\n```\n4. Click **Save** & Go back to the previous page.\n5. Notice the alert proving JavaScript execution.\n\n\n### Privilege Escalation to Administrator:\n\n1. Do the same steps above, but replace the payload with a malicious one.\n2. The following payload elevates the attacker’s account to Admin if there’s already an elevated session, replace the `<UserID>` with your attacker id:\n```html\n<img src=x onerror=\"fetch('/admin/users/<UserID>/permissions',{method:'POST',body:`CRAFT_CSRF_TOKEN=${Craft.csrfTokenValue}&userId=<UserID>&admin=1&action=users/save-permissions`,headers:{'content-type':'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'}})\">\n```\n3. In another browser, log in as an admin & go to the vulnerable page (shipping categories page).\n4. Go back to your attacker account & notice you are now an admin.\n\nThe privilege escalation requires an elevated session. In a real-world scenario, an attacker can automate the process by forcing a logout if the victim’s session is stale; upon re-authentication, the stored XSS payload executes within a fresh elevated session to complete the attack.\n\nOr even easier (and smarter), an attacker (using the XSS) can create a fake 'Session Expired' login modal overlay. Since it’s on the trusted domain, administrators will likely enter their credentials, sending them directly to the attacker.\n\n### Resources:\n\nhttps://github.com/craftcms/commerce/commit/fa273330807807d05b564d37c88654cd772839ee",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:H/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "craftcms/composer"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "5.0.0-RC1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "5.5.2"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 5.5.1"
    }
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "craftcms/composer"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.0.0-RC1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.10.1"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "<= 4.10.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/craftcms/commerce/security/advisories/GHSA-w8gw-qm8p-j9j3"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-25485"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/craftcms/commerce/commit/fa273330807807d05b564d37c88654cd772839ee"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/craftcms/commerce"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/craftcms/commerce/releases/tag/4.10.1"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/craftcms/commerce/releases/tag/5.5.2"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-02-02T22:45:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-02-03T19:16:26Z"
  }
}