CVE-2026-94109: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability
HIGHCVE-2026-94109 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.8) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.
CVE-2026-94109 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 8.8
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
How to Fix CVE-2026-94109
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
mvn dependency:treeHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-94109, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:
mvn dependency:treeAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.
Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1336: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine, where the product uses a template engine to insert or process externally-influenced input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements or syntax that can be interpreted as template expressions or other code directives when processed by the engine. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2026-94109?
Which Software versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2026-94109?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-94109?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-94109?
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-94109?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-w599-5qgp-f3cf",
"modified" : "2026-09-23T15:30:38Z",
"published" : "2026-09-20T12:30:27Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-94109" ],
"details" : "openEQUELLA versions before 2026.1.0 contain a remote code execution vulnerability in FreeMarker template compilation due to an unsandboxed TemplateClassResolver configuration. Authenticated attackers can inject malicious template expressions through collection summaries, dashboard portlets, or MIME templates to instantiate dangerous classes like freemarker.template.utility.Execute and invoke Runtime.exec for arbitrary command execution.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
}, {
"type" : "CVSS_V4",
"score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
} ],
"affected" : [ ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-94109"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA/commit/d6e165afc986f8a3ed912cdb367d5ad8c1eeab5c"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://blog.evan.lat/posts/openeq"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA/blob/8bd24b1dcf26cc3d74757e6b982fc1971a7d6767/Source/Plugins/Core/com.equella.core/src/com/tle/core/entity/service/impl/AbstractEntityServiceImpl.java#L230-L250"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA/blob/8bd24b1dcf26cc3d74757e6b982fc1971a7d6767/Source/Plugins/Core/com.equella.core/src/com/tle/web/freemarker/BasicConfiguration.java"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA/blob/8bd24b1dcf26cc3d74757e6b982fc1971a7d6767/Source/Plugins/Core/com.equella.core/src/com/tle/web/portal/standard/renderer/FreemarkerPortletRenderer.java#L141-L170"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/openequella/openEQUELLA/releases/tag/2026.1.0"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openequella-authenticated-stored-ssti-via-freemarkerportletrenderer"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openequella-before-2026.1.0-remote-code-execution-via-freemarker-template-injection"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1336" ],
"severity" : "HIGH",
"github_reviewed" : false,
"github_reviewed_at" : null,
"nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-20T12:17:06Z"
}
}