CVE-2026-49419: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-w2h3-c2wj-whwm
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CVSS 8.8
CWE-911
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-49419 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.8) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-911: Improper Update of Reference Count) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product uses a reference count to manage a resource, but it does not update or incorrectly updates the reference count.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2026-49419 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-49419
GHSA Identifier GHSA-w2h3-c2wj-whwm
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.8
CWE Classification CWE-911: Improper Update of Reference Count
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-49419

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-49419, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-911: Improper Update of Reference Count, where the product uses a reference count to manage a resource, but it does not update or incorrectly updates the reference count. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

When the JAIL_AT_DESC flag is specified, kern_jail_set() and kern_jail_get() released the reference to the caller's current prison before looking up the jail descriptor. If the descriptor lookup failed, error-handling paths released the same reference a second time. An unprivileged local user can trigger a prison reference count underflow, which may cause the prison structure to be freed while still in use. When this is done on the jail host, the bug will generally result in an immediate panic. However, if the user is running in a jail, then it may be possible to exploit the bug to elevate privileges.

References

NVD — CVE-2026-49419 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49419
Software Security Information SECURITY
https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:38.jail.asc

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-49419?
CVE-2026-49419 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-911: Improper Update of Reference Count.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2026-49419?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-49419?
CVE-2026-49419 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-49419?
CVE-2026-49419 is classified under CWE-911: Improper Update of Reference Count (The product uses a reference count to manage a resource, but it does not update or incorrectly updates the reference count.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-49419?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-w2h3-c2wj-whwm",
  "modified" : "2026-08-20T21:31:22Z",
  "published" : "2026-08-19T06:31:17Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-49419" ],
  "details" : "When the JAIL_AT_DESC flag is specified, kern_jail_set() and kern_jail_get() released the reference to the caller's current prison before looking up the jail descriptor.  If the descriptor lookup failed, error-handling paths released the same reference a second time.\n\nAn unprivileged local user can trigger a prison reference count underflow, which may cause the prison structure to be freed while still in use.  When this is done on the jail host, the bug will generally result in an immediate panic.  However, if the user is running in a jail, then it may be possible to exploit the bug to elevate privileges.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49419"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:38.jail.asc"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-911" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-08-19T05:17:04Z"
  }
}