CVE-2023-27321: OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-vpf7-r2fv-75m9
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-400
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-27321 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) affecting OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server libraries in the NuGet ecosystem. The issue involves uncontrolled resource consumption in opc ua .net standard reference server. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.4.371.86.

CVE-2023-27321 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-27321
GHSA Identifier GHSA-vpf7-r2fv-75m9
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Affected Product OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server
Package Ecosystem NuGet
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2023-27321

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server fixed: 1.4.371.86 
Upgrade OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server to 1.4.371.86
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2023-27321, inspect your project dependencies for OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server:

inspect dependencies for OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.4.371.86), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, where the product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. In OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

This security update resolves a vulnerability in the OPC UA .NET Standard Reference Server that allows remote attackers to send malicious requests that consume all memory available to the server. https://files.opcfoundation.org/SecurityBulletins/OPC%20Foundation%20Security%20Bulletin%20CVE-2023-27321.pdf

CVE-2023-27321 Affected OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.4.371.86
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server
nuget/OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server
NuGet
< 1.4.371.86
1.4.371.86

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/security/advisories/GHSA-vpf7-r2fv-75m9
NVD — CVE-2023-27321 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27321
OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server Security Information SECURITY
https://files.opcfoundation.org/SecurityBulletins/OPC%20Foundation%20Security%20Bulletin%20CVE-2023-27321.pdf
OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard
www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/zdi-23-5... WEB
https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-548

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-27321?
CVE-2023-27321 is a security vulnerability in OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server involving Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in OPC UA .NET Standard Reference Server under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Which OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.4.371.86 across affected packages: OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server.
What version fixes CVE-2023-27321?
Upgrading to 1.4.371.86 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server affected?
Yes, OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server is affected in releases prior to 1.4.371.86. Upgrade your dependency to 1.4.371.86 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-27321?
CVE-2023-27321 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-27321?
CVE-2023-27321 is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.).
How can I check NuGet dependencies for CVE-2023-27321?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-vpf7-r2fv-75m9",
  "modified" : "2024-05-08T13:46:55Z",
  "published" : "2023-05-05T02:19:39Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-27321" ],
  "summary" : "Uncontrolled Resource Consumption in OPC UA .NET Standard Reference Server",
  "details" : "This security update resolves a vulnerability in the OPC UA .NET Standard Reference Server that allows\nremote attackers to send malicious requests that consume all memory available to the server.\n\nhttps://files.opcfoundation.org/SecurityBulletins/OPC%20Foundation%20Security%20Bulletin%20CVE-2023-27321.pdf",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "OPCFoundation.NetStandard.Opc.Ua.Server"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.4.371.86"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/security/advisories/GHSA-vpf7-r2fv-75m9"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-27321"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://files.opcfoundation.org/SecurityBulletins/OPC%20Foundation%20Security%20Bulletin%20CVE-2023-27321.pdf"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-23-548"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-400" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-05-05T02:19:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2024-05-07T23:15:15Z"
  }
}