CVE-2017-18640: Snakeyaml SnakeYAML Entity Expansion During Load Vulnerability

Q: What is CVE-2017-18640?

CVE-2017-18640 is a security vulnerability in Snakeyaml involving SnakeYAML Entity Expansion during load operation under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion').

Q: Which Snakeyaml versions are affected?

Affected versions include releases prior to 1.26 across affected packages: org.yaml:snakeyaml.

Q: What version fixes CVE-2017-18640?

Upgrading to 1.26 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.

Q: Is snakeyaml affected?

Yes, org.yaml:snakeyaml is affected in releases prior to 1.26. Upgrade your dependency to 1.26 or later.

Q: What is the CVSS score of CVE-2017-18640?

CVE-2017-18640 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.

Q: What CWE is associated with CVE-2017-18640?

CVE-2017-18640 is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion') (The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.).

Q: How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2017-18640?

Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.yaml'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.

HIGH

Advisory Identifier: GHSA-rvwf-54qp-4r6v

CVSS 7.5

CWE-776

Published 2021-06-04

Advisory Summary

CVE-2017-18640 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) snakeyaml entity expansion during load vulnerability (CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')) affecting Snakeyaml libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves snakeyaml entity expansion during load operation. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.26.

CVE-2017-18640 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2017-18640

GHSA Identifier GHSA-rvwf-54qp-4r6v

Severity HIGH

CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5

CWE Classification CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')

Affected Product Snakeyaml

Package Ecosystem Maven

Published Date 2021-06-04

Last Updated 2022-08-11

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)

Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)

Privileges Required None (PR:N)

User Interaction None (UI:N)

Scope Unchanged (S:U)

Confidentiality None (C:N)

Integrity None (I:N)

Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2017-18640

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Snakeyaml dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.yaml:snakeyaml fixed: 1.26

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.yaml</groupId>
    <artifactId>snakeyaml</artifactId>
    <version>1.26</version>
</dependency>

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.yaml

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2017-18640, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.yaml

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Snakeyaml in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.26), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.yaml command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion'), where the product uses xml documents and allows their structure to be defined with a document type definition (dtd), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities. In Snakeyaml, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

The Alias feature in SnakeYAML 1.18 allows entity expansion during a load operation, a related issue to CVE-2003-1564.

CVE-2017-18640 Affected Snakeyaml Versions

1 component(s)

Fixed Versions:

1.26

Product / Package	Ecosystem	Affected Versions	Fixed Version
org.yaml:snakeyaml maven/org.yaml/snakeyaml	Maven	< 1.26	1.26

References

NVD — CVE-2017-18640 NVD

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-18640

lists.apache.org/thread.html/rcb2a70... WEB

https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rcb2a7037366c58bac6aec6ce3df843a11ef97ae4eb049f05f410eaa5@%3Ccommon-commits.hadoop.apache.org%3E

bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml PACKAGE

https://bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml

lists.apache.org/thread.html/rc3211c... WEB

https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rc3211c71f7e0973a1825d1988a3921288c06cd9d793eae97ecd34948@%3Ccommits.cassandra.apache.org%3E

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Snakeyaml Security Information SECURITY

https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202305-28

Snakeyaml Security Information SECURITY

https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html

bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml/co... WEB

https://bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml/commits/da11ddbd91c1f8392ea932b37fa48110fa54ed8c

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https://bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml/issues/377/allow-configuration-for-preventing-billion

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https://bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml/wiki/Billion%20laughs%20attack

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https://bitbucket.org/asomov/snakeyaml/wiki/Changes

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https://bitbucket.org/snakeyaml/snakeyaml/issues/377

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https://bitbucket.org/snakeyaml/snakeyaml/wiki/Changes

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2017-18640?

CVE-2017-18640 is a security vulnerability in Snakeyaml involving SnakeYAML Entity Expansion during load operation under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion').

Which Snakeyaml versions are affected?

Affected versions include releases prior to 1.26 across affected packages: org.yaml:snakeyaml.

What version fixes CVE-2017-18640?

Upgrading to 1.26 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.

Is snakeyaml affected?

Yes, org.yaml:snakeyaml is affected in releases prior to 1.26. Upgrade your dependency to 1.26 or later.

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2017-18640?

CVE-2017-18640 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.

What CWE is associated with CVE-2017-18640?

CVE-2017-18640 is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion') (The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.).

How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2017-18640?

Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.yaml'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.

Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema

Normalized schema output

View Raw JSON

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-rvwf-54qp-4r6v",
  "modified" : "2022-08-11T21:47:32Z",
  "published" : "2021-06-04T21:37:45Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2017-18640" ],
  "summary" : "SnakeYAML Entity Expansion during load operation",
  "details" : "The Alias feature in SnakeYAML 1.18 allows entity expansion during a load operation, a related issue to CVE-2003-1564.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.yaml:snakeyaml"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.26"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-18640"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rcb2a7037366c58bac6aec6ce3df843a11ef97ae4eb049f05f410eaa5@%3Ccommon-commits.hadoop.apache.org%3E"
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  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-776" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-06-04T21:34:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2019-12-12T03:15:00Z"
  }
}

CVSS V3

7.5 HIGH