CVE-2021-43608: Doctrine/dbal SQL Injection Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-r7cj-8hjg-x622
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CVSS 9.8
CWE-89
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2021-43608 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) sql injection vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting Doctrine/dbal libraries in the Packagist ecosystem. The issue involves dbal 3 sql injection security vulnerability. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.1.4.

CVE-2021-43608 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2021-43608
GHSA Identifier GHSA-r7cj-8hjg-x622
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product Doctrine/dbal
Package Ecosystem Packagist
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2021-43608

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Doctrine/dbal dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

doctrine/dbal fixed: 3.1.4 
Upgrade doctrine/dbal to 3.1.4
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for doctrine/dbal

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2021-43608, inspect your project dependencies for Doctrine/dbal:

inspect dependencies for doctrine/dbal

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Doctrine/dbal in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.1.4), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In Doctrine/dbal, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

We have released a new version Doctrine DBAL 3.1.4 that fixes a critical SQL injection vulnerability in the LIMIT clause generation API provided by the Platform abstraction. We advise everyone using Doctrine DBAL 3.0.0 up to 3.1.3 to upgrade to 3.1.4 immediately. The vulnerability can happen when unsanitized input is passed to many APIs in Doctrine DBAL and ORM that ultimately end up calling `AbstractPlatform::modifyLimitQuery`. As a workaround you can cast all limit and offset parameters to integers before passing them to Doctrine APIs. This vulnerability has been assigned [CVE-2021-43608](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-43608).

CVE-2021-43608 Affected Doctrine/dbal Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.1.4
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
doctrine/dbal
 Packagist
≥ 3.0.0
< 3.1.4
3.1.4

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/security/advisories/GHSA-r7cj-8hjg-x622
NVD — CVE-2021-43608 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43608
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/commit/9dcfa4cb6c03250b78a84737ba7ceb82f4b7ba4d
Doctrine/dbal Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/doctrine/dbal/CVE-2021-43608.yaml
Doctrine/dbal Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/doctrine/dbal
Doctrine/dbal Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases
www.doctrine-project.org/2021/11/11/dbal3-vu... WEB
https://www.doctrine-project.org/2021/11/11/dbal3-vulnerability-fixed.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2021-43608?
CVE-2021-43608 is a security vulnerability in Doctrine/dbal involving DBAL 3 SQL Injection Security Vulnerability under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which Doctrine/dbal versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.1.4 across affected packages: doctrine/dbal.
What version fixes CVE-2021-43608?
Upgrading to 3.1.4 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is doctrine/dbal affected?
Yes, doctrine/dbal is affected in releases prior to 3.1.4. Upgrade your dependency to 3.1.4 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-43608?
CVE-2021-43608 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2021-43608?
CVE-2021-43608 is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check Packagist dependencies for CVE-2021-43608?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for doctrine/dbal'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-r7cj-8hjg-x622",
  "modified" : "2021-12-16T14:11:44Z",
  "published" : "2021-11-16T17:25:57Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2021-43608" ],
  "summary" : "DBAL 3 SQL Injection Security Vulnerability",
  "details" : "We have released a new version Doctrine DBAL 3.1.4 that fixes a critical SQL injection vulnerability in the LIMIT clause generation API provided by the Platform abstraction.\n\nWe advise everyone using Doctrine DBAL 3.0.0 up to 3.1.3 to upgrade to 3.1.4 immediately.\n\nThe vulnerability can happen when unsanitized input is passed to many APIs in Doctrine DBAL and ORM that ultimately end up calling `AbstractPlatform::modifyLimitQuery`. \n\nAs a workaround you can cast all limit and offset parameters to integers before passing them to Doctrine APIs.\n\nThis vulnerability has been assigned [CVE-2021-43608](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-43608).\n",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "doctrine/dbal"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.1.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/security/advisories/GHSA-r7cj-8hjg-x622"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43608"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/commit/9dcfa4cb6c03250b78a84737ba7ceb82f4b7ba4d"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/doctrine/dbal/CVE-2021-43608.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/doctrine/dbal"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.doctrine-project.org/2021/11/11/dbal3-vulnerability-fixed.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-11-15T22:34:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2021-12-09T20:15:00Z"
  }
}