GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj: Duplicate Advisory Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MODERATE
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CVSS 4.8
CWE-307
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.8) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves openclaw: telegram webhook missing guess rate limiting enables brute-force guessing of weak webhook secret. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.8
CWE Classification CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

openclaw fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install openclaw@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls openclaw

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls openclaw

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls openclaw command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, where the product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame. In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-vcx4-4qxg-mfp4. This link is maintained to preserve external references. ## Original Description OpenClaw before 2026.3.25 contains a missing rate limiting vulnerability in Telegram webhook authentication that allows attackers to brute-force weak webhook secrets. The vulnerability enables repeated authentication guesses without throttling, permitting attackers to systematically guess webhook secrets through brute-force attacks.

GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
openclaw
npm/openclaw
npm
≤ 2026.3.24

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-vcx4-4qxg-mfp4
NVD — GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35628
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/c2c136ae9517ddd0789d742a0fdf4c10e8c729a7
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-brute-force-attack-via-missing-telegram-webhook-rate-limiting

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj?
GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving OpenClaw: Telegram Webhook Missing Guess Rate Limiting Enables Brute-Force Guessing of Weak Webhook Secret under CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts.
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: openclaw.
What version fixes GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is openclaw affected?
Yes, openclaw is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj?
GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.8 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj?
GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj is classified under CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts (The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls openclaw'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-r4c2-gq3j-7rpj",
  "modified" : "2026-04-18T00:45:07Z",
  "published" : "2026-04-10T00:30:30Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-04-18T00:45:07Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Telegram Webhook Missing Guess Rate Limiting Enables Brute-Force Guessing of Weak Webhook Secret",
  "details" : "## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-vcx4-4qxg-mfp4. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.3.25 contains a missing rate limiting vulnerability in Telegram webhook authentication that allows attackers to brute-force weak webhook secrets. The vulnerability enables repeated authentication guesses without throttling, permitting attackers to systematically guess webhook secrets through brute-force attacks.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "openclaw"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "2026.3.24"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-vcx4-4qxg-mfp4"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35628"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/c2c136ae9517ddd0789d742a0fdf4c10e8c729a7"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-brute-force-attack-via-missing-telegram-webhook-rate-limiting"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-307" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-04-18T00:45:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-04-09T22:16:31Z"
  }
}