CVE-2026-28395: Openclaw OpenClaw's Chrome Extension Relay Binds Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm
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CVSS 6.5
CWE-284 CWE-1327
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-28395 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.5) openclaw's chrome extension relay binds vulnerability (CWE-284: Improper Access Control) affecting Openclaw libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves openclaw's chrome extension relay binds publicly due to wildcard treated as loopback. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2026.2.12.

CVE-2026-28395 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-28395
GHSA Identifier GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.5
CWE Classification CWE-284: Improper Access Control
Affected Product Openclaw
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix CVE-2026-28395

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Openclaw dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

openclaw fixed: 2026.2.12 
npm install openclaw@2026.2.12
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls openclaw

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-28395, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls openclaw

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Openclaw in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2026.2.12), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls openclaw command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-284: Improper Access Control, where the product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor. In Openclaw, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Summary The Chrome extension relay (`ensureChromeExtensionRelayServer`) previously treated wildcard hosts (`0.0.0.0` / `::`) as loopback, which could make it bind the relay HTTP/WS server to all interfaces when a wildcard `cdpUrl` was passed. ## Impact If configured with a wildcard `cdpUrl`, relay HTTP endpoints could become reachable off-host, leaking service presence/port and enabling DoS/brute-force traffic against the relay token header. ## Affected Packages / Versions - Package: `openclaw` (npm) - Affected: `>= 2026.1.14-1 < 2026.2.12` ## Fixed Versions - Patched: `>= 2026.2.12` (released 2026-02-13) ## Fix Commit(s) - 8d75a496bf5aaab1755c56cf48502d967c75a1d0 ## Notes - Earlier hardening for `/json*` auth and `/cdp` token checks landed in: - a1e89afcc19efd641c02b24d66d689f181ae2b5c Thanks @qi-scape for reporting.

CVE-2026-28395 Affected Openclaw Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2026.2.12
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
openclaw
npm/openclaw
npm
≥ 2026.1.14-1
< 2026.2.12
2026.2.12

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm
NVD — CVE-2026-28395 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28395
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/8d75a496bf5aaab1755c56cf48502d967c75a1d0
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a1e89afcc19efd641c02b24d66d689f181ae2b5c
Openclaw Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw
Openclaw Release RELEASE
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.12
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-unintended-public-binding-of-chrome-extension-relay-via-wildcard-cdpurl

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-28395?
CVE-2026-28395 is a security vulnerability in Openclaw involving OpenClaw's Chrome extension relay binds publicly due to wildcard treated as loopback under CWE-284: Improper Access Control.
Which Openclaw versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2026.2.12 across affected packages: openclaw.
What version fixes CVE-2026-28395?
Upgrading to 2026.2.12 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is openclaw affected?
Yes, openclaw is affected in releases prior to 2026.2.12. Upgrade your dependency to 2026.2.12 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-28395?
CVE-2026-28395 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-28395?
CVE-2026-28395 is classified under CWE-284: Improper Access Control (The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2026-28395?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls openclaw'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm",
  "modified" : "2026-03-06T00:58:28Z",
  "published" : "2026-02-17T17:09:43Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-28395" ],
  "summary" : "OpenClaw's Chrome extension relay binds publicly due to wildcard treated as loopback",
  "details" : "## Summary\nThe Chrome extension relay (`ensureChromeExtensionRelayServer`) previously treated wildcard hosts (`0.0.0.0` / `::`) as loopback, which could make it bind the relay HTTP/WS server to all interfaces when a wildcard `cdpUrl` was passed.\n\n## Impact\nIf configured with a wildcard `cdpUrl`, relay HTTP endpoints could become reachable off-host, leaking service presence/port and enabling DoS/brute-force traffic against the relay token header.\n\n## Affected Packages / Versions\n- Package: `openclaw` (npm)\n- Affected: `>= 2026.1.14-1 < 2026.2.12`\n\n## Fixed Versions\n- Patched: `>= 2026.2.12` (released 2026-02-13)\n\n## Fix Commit(s)\n- 8d75a496bf5aaab1755c56cf48502d967c75a1d0\n\n## Notes\n- Earlier hardening for `/json*` auth and `/cdp` token checks landed in:\n  - a1e89afcc19efd641c02b24d66d689f181ae2b5c\n\nThanks @qi-scape for reporting.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "openclaw"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2026.1.14-1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2026.2.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-qw99-grcx-4pvm"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-28395"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/8d75a496bf5aaab1755c56cf48502d967c75a1d0"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/a1e89afcc19efd641c02b24d66d689f181ae2b5c"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/releases/tag/v2026.2.12"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-unintended-public-binding-of-chrome-extension-relay-via-wildcard-cdpurl"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1327", "CWE-284" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-02-17T17:09:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-03-05T22:16:16Z"
  }
}