CVE-2024-1455: Langchain core LangChain's XMLOutputParser Vulnerable To XML Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-q84m-rmw3-4382
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CVSS 5.9
CWE-776
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2024-1455 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.9) langchain's xmloutputparser vulnerable to xml vulnerability (CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')) affecting Langchain core libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves langchain's xmloutputparser vulnerable to xml entity expansion. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 0.1.35.

CVE-2024-1455 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2024-1455
GHSA Identifier GHSA-q84m-rmw3-4382
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9
CWE Classification CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Affected Product Langchain core
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2024-1455

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Langchain core dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

langchain-core fixed: 0.1.35 
pip install langchain-core>=0.1.35
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

pip show langchain-core

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2024-1455, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show langchain-core

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Langchain core in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 0.1.35), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show langchain-core command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion'), where the product uses xml documents and allows their structure to be defined with a document type definition (dtd), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities. In Langchain core, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

The XMLOutputParser in LangChain uses the etree module from the XML parser in the standard python library which has some XML vulnerabilities; see: https://docs.python.org/3/library/xml.html This primarily affects users that combine an LLM (or agent) with the `XMLOutputParser` and expose the component via an endpoint on a web-service. This would allow a malicious party to attempt to manipulate the LLM to produce a malicious payload for the parser that would compromise the availability of the service. A successful attack is predicated on: 1. Usage of XMLOutputParser 2. Passing of malicious input into the XMLOutputParser either directly or by trying to manipulate an LLM to do so on the users behalf 3. Exposing the component via a web-service

CVE-2024-1455 Affected Langchain core Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
0.1.35
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
langchain-core
pypi/langchain-core
PyPI
< 0.1.35
0.1.35

References

NVD — CVE-2024-1455 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-1455
Langchain core Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/17250
Langchain core Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/19653
Langchain core Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/19660
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/727d5023ce88e18e3074ef620a98137d26ff92a3
Langchain core Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain
huntr.com/bounties/4353571f-c... WEB
https://huntr.com/bounties/4353571f-c70d-4bfd-ac08-3a89cecb45b6

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2024-1455?
CVE-2024-1455 is a security vulnerability in Langchain core involving LangChain's XMLOutputParser vulnerable to XML Entity Expansion under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion').
Which Langchain core versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 0.1.35 across affected packages: langchain-core.
What version fixes CVE-2024-1455?
Upgrading to 0.1.35 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is langchain-core affected?
Yes, langchain-core is affected in releases prior to 0.1.35. Upgrade your dependency to 0.1.35 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2024-1455?
CVE-2024-1455 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2024-1455?
CVE-2024-1455 is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion') (The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2024-1455?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show langchain-core'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-q84m-rmw3-4382",
  "modified" : "2024-03-27T17:46:43Z",
  "published" : "2024-03-26T15:30:50Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2024-1455" ],
  "summary" : "LangChain's XMLOutputParser vulnerable to XML Entity Expansion",
  "details" : "The XMLOutputParser in LangChain uses the etree module from the XML parser in the standard python library which has some XML vulnerabilities; see: https://docs.python.org/3/library/xml.html\n\nThis primarily affects users that combine an LLM (or agent) with the `XMLOutputParser` and expose the component via an endpoint on a web-service. \n\nThis would allow a malicious party to attempt to manipulate the LLM to produce a malicious payload for the parser that would compromise the availability of the service.\n\nA successful attack is predicated on:\n\n1. Usage of XMLOutputParser\n2. Passing of malicious input into the XMLOutputParser either directly or by trying to manipulate an LLM to do so on the users behalf\n3. Exposing the component via a web-service",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
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    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
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      }, {
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      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
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  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/17250"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/19653"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/19660"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/commit/727d5023ce88e18e3074ef620a98137d26ff92a3"
  }, {
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  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://huntr.com/bounties/4353571f-c70d-4bfd-ac08-3a89cecb45b6"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
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    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-03-26T21:22:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2024-03-26T14:15:08Z"
  }
}