CVE-2025-1545: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-pqq2-xhg5-jr2v
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-91
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-1545 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product does not properly neutralize special elements that are used in xml, allowing attackers to modify the syntax, content, or commands of the xml before it is processed by an end system.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2025-1545 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-1545
GHSA Identifier GHSA-pqq2-xhg5-jr2v
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-1545

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-1545, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection), where the product does not properly neutralize special elements that are used in xml, allowing attackers to modify the syntax, content, or commands of the xml before it is processed by an end system. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

An XPath Injection vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to retrieve sensitive information from the Firebox configuration through an exposed authentication or management web interface. This vulnerability only affects Firebox systems that have at least one authentication hotspot configured.This issue affects Fireware OS 11.11 up to and including 11.12.4+541730, 12.0 up to and including 12.11.4, 12.5 up to and including 12.5.13, and 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.2.

References

NVD — CVE-2025-1545 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1545
psirt.watchguard.com/cve-2025-1545 WEB
https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2025-1545
www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory... WEB
https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00025

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-1545?
CVE-2025-1545 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection).
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2025-1545?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-1545?
CVE-2025-1545 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-1545?
CVE-2025-1545 is classified under CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection) (The product does not properly neutralize special elements that are used in XML, allowing attackers to modify the syntax, content, or commands of the XML before it is processed by an end system.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-1545?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-pqq2-xhg5-jr2v",
  "modified" : "2026-08-10T18:31:59Z",
  "published" : "2025-12-05T00:31:05Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-1545" ],
  "details" : "An XPath Injection vulnerability in WatchGuard Fireware OS may allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to retrieve sensitive information from the Firebox configuration through an exposed authentication or management web interface. This vulnerability only affects Firebox systems that have at least one authentication hotspot configured.This issue affects Fireware OS 11.11 up to and including 11.12.4+541730, 12.0 up to and including 12.11.4, 12.5 up to and including 12.5.13, and 2025.1 up to and including 2025.1.2.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1545"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://psirt.watchguard.com/CVE-2025-1545"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.watchguard.com/wgrd-psirt/advisory/wgsa-2025-00025"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-91" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-12-04T22:15:48Z"
  }
}