GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx: Zendframework/zend captcha Zend-Captcha Information Disclosure And Insufficient Vulnerability

HIGH
Share
CVSS 7.5
CWE-331
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) zend-captcha information disclosure and insufficient vulnerability (CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy) affecting Zendframework/zend captcha libraries in the Packagist ecosystem. The issue involves zend-captcha information disclosure and insufficient entropy vulnerability. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.4.9, 2.5.2.

GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy
Affected Product Zendframework/zend captcha
Package Ecosystem Packagist
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Zendframework/zend captcha dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

zendframework/zend-captcha fixed: 2.4.9 
Upgrade zendframework/zend-captcha to 2.4.9
zendframework/zend-captcha fixed: 2.5.2 
Upgrade zendframework/zend-captcha to 2.5.2
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for zendframework/zend-captcha

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx, inspect your project dependencies for Zendframework/zend captcha:

inspect dependencies for zendframework/zend-captcha

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Zendframework/zend captcha in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.4.9), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy, where the product uses an algorithm or scheme that produces insufficient entropy, leaving patterns or clusters of values that are more likely to occur than others. In Zendframework/zend captcha, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

In Zend Framework, `Zend_Captcha_Word` (v1) and `Zend\Captcha\Word` (v2) generate a "word" for a CAPTCHA challenge by selecting a sequence of random letters from a character set. Prior to this advisory, the selection was performed using PHP's internal `array_rand()` function. This function does not generate sufficient entropy due to its usage of rand() instead of more cryptographically secure methods such as `openssl_pseudo_random_bytes()`. This could potentially lead to information disclosure should an attacker be able to brute force the random number generation.

GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx Affected Zendframework/zend captcha Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.4.92.5.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
zendframework/zend-captcha
 Packagist
≥ 2.0.0
< 2.4.9
2.4.9
zendframework/zend-captcha
 Packagist
≥ 2.5.0
< 2.5.2
2.5.2

References

Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-captcha/commit/43c276df6e94e498bf530538aea53876a24fc47c
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-captcha/commit/5561ef813bb4ad814e835343289dc5077d2eb262
Zendframework/zend captcha Security Information SECURITY
https://framework.zend.com/security/advisory/ZF2015-09
Zendframework/zend captcha Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/zendframework/zend-captcha/ZF2015-09.yaml
Zendframework/zend captcha Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-captcha

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx?
GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx is a security vulnerability in Zendframework/zend captcha involving Zend-Captcha Information Disclosure and Insufficient Entropy vulnerability under CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy.
Which Zendframework/zend captcha versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.4.9, 2.5.2 across affected packages: zendframework/zend-captcha.
What version fixes GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx?
Upgrading to 2.4.9, 2.5.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is zendframework/zend-captcha affected?
Yes, zendframework/zend-captcha is affected in releases prior to 2.4.9, 2.5.2. Upgrade your dependency to 2.4.9, 2.5.2 or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx?
GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx?
GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx is classified under CWE-331: Insufficient Entropy (The product uses an algorithm or scheme that produces insufficient entropy, leaving patterns or clusters of values that are more likely to occur than others.).
How can I check Packagist dependencies for GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for zendframework/zend-captcha'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-mg4x-prh7-g4mx",
  "modified" : "2024-06-07T22:25:12Z",
  "published" : "2024-06-07T22:25:12Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Zend-Captcha Information Disclosure and Insufficient Entropy vulnerability",
  "details" : "In Zend Framework, `Zend_Captcha_Word` (v1) and `Zend\\Captcha\\Word` (v2) generate a \"word\" for a CAPTCHA challenge by selecting a sequence of random letters from a character set. Prior to this advisory, the selection was performed using PHP's internal `array_rand()` function. This function does not generate sufficient entropy due to its usage of rand() instead of more cryptographically secure methods such as `openssl_pseudo_random_bytes()`. This could potentially lead to information disclosure should an attacker be able to brute force the random number generation.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "zendframework/zend-captcha"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.4.9"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "zendframework/zend-captcha"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.5.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.5.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-captcha/commit/43c276df6e94e498bf530538aea53876a24fc47c"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-captcha/commit/5561ef813bb4ad814e835343289dc5077d2eb262"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://framework.zend.com/security/advisory/ZF2015-09"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/zendframework/zend-captcha/ZF2015-09.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-captcha"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-331" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-06-07T22:25:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}