GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w: Duplicate Advisory OpenClaw: Telnyx Webhook Replay Detection Vulnerability

MODERATE
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CVSS 5.3
CWE-294
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) openclaw: telnyx webhook replay detection vulnerability (CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves openclaw: telnyx webhook replay detection bypass via base64 signature re-encoding. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2026.3.31.

GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.3
CWE Classification CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

openclaw fixed: 2026.3.31 
npm install openclaw@2026.3.31
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls openclaw

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls openclaw

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2026.3.31), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls openclaw command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay, where a capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes). In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-37v6-fxx8-xjmx. This link is maintained to preserve external references. ### Original Description OpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a replay detection bypass vulnerability in webhook signature handling that treats Base64 and Base64URL encoded signatures as distinct requests. Attackers can re-encode Telnyx webhook signatures to bypass replay detection while maintaining valid signature verification.

GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2026.3.31
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
openclaw
npm/openclaw
npm
< 2026.3.31
2026.3.31

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-37v6-fxx8-xjmx
NVD — GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41351
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/ad77666054651c1fd77b1dc60fd6a8db6600a29a
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-webhook-replay-detection-bypass-via-base64-signature-re-encoding

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w?
GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving OpenClaw: Telnyx Webhook Replay Detection Bypass via Base64 Signature Re-encoding under CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay.
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2026.3.31 across affected packages: openclaw.
What version fixes GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w?
Upgrading to 2026.3.31 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is openclaw affected?
Yes, openclaw is affected in releases prior to 2026.3.31. Upgrade your dependency to 2026.3.31 or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w?
GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w?
GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w is classified under CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay (A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls openclaw'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-m958-864j-xq5w",
  "modified" : "2026-05-04T21:59:01Z",
  "published" : "2026-04-24T00:31:52Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-05-04T21:59:01Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Telnyx Webhook Replay Detection Bypass via Base64 Signature Re-encoding",
  "details" : "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-37v6-fxx8-xjmx. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.3.31 contains a replay detection bypass vulnerability in webhook signature handling that treats Base64 and Base64URL encoded signatures as distinct requests. Attackers can re-encode Telnyx webhook signatures to bypass replay detection while maintaining valid signature verification.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "openclaw"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2026.3.31"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-37v6-fxx8-xjmx"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41351"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/ad77666054651c1fd77b1dc60fd6a8db6600a29a"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-webhook-replay-detection-bypass-via-base64-signature-re-encoding"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-294" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-04T21:59:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-04-23T22:16:42Z"
  }
}