CVE-2026-40975: Spring Framework Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-m4x9-hx6x-2c43
Share
CVSS 4.8
CWE-330
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-40975 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.8) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-330: Use of Insufficiently Random Values) affecting Spring Framework libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves spring boot's random value property source uses a weak prng unsuitable for secrets. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.0.6, 3.5.14.

CVE-2026-40975 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-40975
GHSA Identifier GHSA-m4x9-hx6x-2c43
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.8
CWE Classification CWE-330: Use of Insufficiently Random Values
Affected Product Spring Framework
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2026-40975

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Spring Framework dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra fixed: 4.0.6 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-cassandra</artifactId>
    <version>4.0.6</version>
</dependency>
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra fixed: 3.5.14 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-cassandra</artifactId>
    <version>3.5.14</version>
</dependency>
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra fixed: Latest secure release 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-cassandra</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra fixed: Latest secure release 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-cassandra</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra fixed: Latest secure release 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-cassandra</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.boot

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-40975, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.boot

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Spring Framework in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.0.6), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.boot command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-330: Use of Insufficiently Random Values, where the product uses insufficiently random numbers or values in a security context that depends on unpredictable numbers. In Spring Framework, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Values produced by ${random.value} are not suitable for use as secrets. ${random.uuid} is not affected. ${random.int} and ${random.long} should never be used for secrets as they are numeric values with a predictable range. Affected: Spring Boot 4.0.0–4.0.5 (fix 4.0.6), 3.5.0–3.5.13 (fix 3.5.14), 3.4.0–3.4.15 (fix 3.4.16), 3.3.0–3.3.18 (fix 3.3.19), 2.7.0–2.7.32 (fix 2.7.33); random value property source / weak PRNG for secrets. Versions that are no longer supported are also affected per vendor advisory.

CVE-2026-40975 Affected Spring Framework Versions

5 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.0.63.5.14
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra
maven/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-cassandra
Maven
≥ 4.0.0
< 4.0.6
4.0.6
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra
maven/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-cassandra
Maven
≥ 3.5.0
< 3.5.14
3.5.14
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra
maven/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-cassandra
Maven
≥ 3.4.0
≤ 3.4.15
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra
maven/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-cassandra
Maven
≥ 3.3.0
≤ 3.3.18
org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra
maven/org.springframework.boot/spring-boot-cassandra
Maven
≤ 2.7.32

References

NVD — CVE-2026-40975 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40975
Spring Framework Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot
Spring Framework Security Information SECURITY
https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40975

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-40975?
CVE-2026-40975 is a security vulnerability in Spring Framework involving Spring Boot's random value property source uses a weak PRNG unsuitable for secrets under CWE-330: Use of Insufficiently Random Values.
Which Spring Framework versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.0.6, 3.5.14 across affected packages: org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra.
What version fixes CVE-2026-40975?
Upgrading to 4.0.6, 3.5.14 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is spring-boot-cassandra affected?
Yes, org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra is affected in releases prior to 4.0.6, 3.5.14, Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to 4.0.6, 3.5.14, Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-40975?
CVE-2026-40975 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.8 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-40975?
CVE-2026-40975 is classified under CWE-330: Use of Insufficiently Random Values (The product uses insufficiently random numbers or values in a security context that depends on unpredictable numbers.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-40975?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.springframework.boot'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-m4x9-hx6x-2c43",
  "modified" : "2026-05-06T18:54:42Z",
  "published" : "2026-04-28T00:31:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-40975" ],
  "summary" : "Spring Boot's random value property source uses a weak PRNG unsuitable for secrets",
  "details" : "Values produced by ${random.value} are not suitable for use as secrets. ${random.uuid} is not affected. ${random.int} and ${random.long} should never be used for secrets as they are numeric values with a predictable range.\n\nAffected: Spring Boot 4.0.0–4.0.5 (fix 4.0.6), 3.5.0–3.5.13 (fix 3.5.14), 3.4.0–3.4.15 (fix 3.4.16), 3.3.0–3.3.18 (fix 3.3.19), 2.7.0–2.7.32 (fix 2.7.33); random value property source / weak PRNG for secrets. Versions that are no longer supported are also affected per vendor advisory.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.0.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.5.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.5.14"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.4.0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "3.4.15"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.3.0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "3.3.18"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-cassandra"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "2.7.32"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40975"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-40975"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-330" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-06T18:54:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-04-28T00:16:24Z"
  }
}