CVE-2022-1274: Keycloak services HTML Injection Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-m4fv-gm5m-4725
Share
CVSS 5.4
CWE-80 CWE-79
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2022-1274 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.4) html injection vulnerability (CWE-80: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)) affecting Keycloak services libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves html injection in keycloak admin rest api. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 20.0.5.

CVE-2022-1274 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2022-1274
GHSA Identifier GHSA-m4fv-gm5m-4725
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.4
CWE Classification CWE-80: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS)
Affected Product Keycloak services
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.4

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2022-1274

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Keycloak services dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.keycloak:keycloak-services fixed: 20.0.5 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.keycloak</groupId>
    <artifactId>keycloak-services</artifactId>
    <version>20.0.5</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2022-1274, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Keycloak services in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 20.0.5), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-80: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS), where the product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special characters such as "<", ">", and "&" that could be interpreted as web-scripting elements when they are sent to a downstream component that processes web pages. In Keycloak services, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

The `execute-actions-email` endpoint of the Keycloak Admin REST API allows a malicious actor to send emails containing phishing links to Keycloak users.

CVE-2022-1274 Affected Keycloak services Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
20.0.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.keycloak:keycloak-services
maven/org.keycloak/keycloak-services
Maven
< 20.0.5
20.0.5

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-m4fv-gm5m-4725
NVD — CVE-2022-1274 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1274
Keycloak services Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/pull/16764
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/fc3c61235fa30132123c17ed8702ff7b3a672fe9
bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi WEB
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2073157
Keycloak services Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak
Keycloak services Security Information SECURITY
https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2021-0033

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2022-1274?
CVE-2022-1274 is a security vulnerability in Keycloak services involving HTML Injection in Keycloak Admin REST API under CWE-80: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS).
Which Keycloak services versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 20.0.5 across affected packages: org.keycloak:keycloak-services.
What version fixes CVE-2022-1274?
Upgrading to 20.0.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is keycloak-services affected?
Yes, org.keycloak:keycloak-services is affected in releases prior to 20.0.5. Upgrade your dependency to 20.0.5 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-1274?
CVE-2022-1274 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.4 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2022-1274?
CVE-2022-1274 is classified under CWE-80: Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) (The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special characters such as "<", ">", and "&" that could be interpreted as web-scripting elements when they are sent to a downstream component that processes web pages.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2022-1274?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.keycloak'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-m4fv-gm5m-4725",
  "modified" : "2023-04-10T16:25:41Z",
  "published" : "2023-03-01T17:58:01Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2022-1274" ],
  "summary" : "HTML Injection in Keycloak Admin REST API",
  "details" : "The `execute-actions-email` endpoint of the Keycloak Admin REST API allows a malicious actor to send emails containing phishing links to Keycloak users.\n",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.keycloak:keycloak-services"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "20.0.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/security/advisories/GHSA-m4fv-gm5m-4725"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1274"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/pull/16764"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak/commit/fc3c61235fa30132123c17ed8702ff7b3a672fe9"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2073157"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keycloak/keycloak"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://herolab.usd.de/security-advisories/usd-2021-0033"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79", "CWE-80" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-03-01T17:58:01Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-03-29T21:15:00Z"
  }
}