CVE-2025-59250: Mssql jdbc JDBC Driver For SQL Server Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-m494-w24q-6f7w
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CVSS 8.1
CWE-20
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-59250 is a HIGH (CVSS 8.1) jdbc driver for sql server vulnerability (CWE-20: Improper Input Validation) affecting Mssql jdbc libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves jdbc driver for sql server has improper input validation issue. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 10.2.4.jre11, 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11.

CVE-2025-59250 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-59250
GHSA Identifier GHSA-m494-w24q-6f7w
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 8.1
CWE Classification CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
Affected Product Mssql jdbc
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 8.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-59250

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Mssql jdbc dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 10.2.4.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>10.2.4.jre11</version>
</dependency>
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 11.2.4.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>11.2.4.jre11</version>
</dependency>
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 12.2.1.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>12.2.1.jre11</version>
</dependency>
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 12.6.5.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>12.6.5.jre11</version>
</dependency>
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 12.8.2.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>12.8.2.jre11</version>
</dependency>
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 12.10.2.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>12.10.2.jre11</version>
</dependency>
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc fixed: 13.2.1.jre11 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
    <artifactId>mssql-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>13.2.1.jre11</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.microsoft.sqlserver

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2025-59250, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.microsoft.sqlserver

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Mssql jdbc in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 10.2.4.jre11), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.microsoft.sqlserver command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation, where the product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. In Mssql jdbc, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Improper input validation in JDBC Driver for SQL Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.

CVE-2025-59250 Affected Mssql jdbc Versions

7 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
10.2.4.jre1111.2.4.jre1112.2.1.jre1112.6.5.jre1112.8.2.jre1112.10.2.jre1113.2.1.jre11
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 8.3.0.jre11-preview
< 10.2.4.jre11
10.2.4.jre11
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 11.2.0.jre11
< 11.2.4.jre11
11.2.4.jre11
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 12.2.0.jre11
< 12.2.1.jre11
12.2.1.jre11
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 12.6.0.jre11
< 12.6.5.jre11
12.6.5.jre11
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 12.8.0.jre11
< 12.8.2.jre11
12.8.2.jre11
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 12.10.0.jre11
< 12.10.2.jre11
12.10.2.jre11
com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc
maven/com.microsoft.sqlserver/mssql-jdbc
Maven
≥ 13.2.0.jre11
< 13.2.1.jre11
13.2.1.jre11

References

NVD — CVE-2025-59250 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59250
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2798
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2800
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2801
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2802
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2803
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2807
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/commit/9732e1bbc6ec44166fda2cddab31ce1c86c873dd#diff-45367b99a1951943bfecfc7765e80df687967aa56286a5b2e039f77cd9a0e118
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc
Mssql jdbc Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md
learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/j... WEB
https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/jdbc/microsoft-jdbc-driver-for-sql-server-support-matrix
msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulner... WEB
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59250

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-59250?
CVE-2025-59250 is a security vulnerability in Mssql jdbc involving JDBC Driver for SQL Server has improper input validation issue under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation.
Which Mssql jdbc versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 10.2.4.jre11, 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11 across affected packages: com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc.
What version fixes CVE-2025-59250?
Upgrading to 10.2.4.jre11, 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is mssql-jdbc affected?
Yes, com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc is affected in releases prior to 10.2.4.jre11, 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11. Upgrade your dependency to 10.2.4.jre11, 11.2.4.jre11, 12.2.1.jre11, 12.6.5.jre11, 12.8.2.jre11, 12.10.2.jre11, 13.2.1.jre11 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-59250?
CVE-2025-59250 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.1 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-59250?
CVE-2025-59250 is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation (The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2025-59250?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.microsoft.sqlserver'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-m494-w24q-6f7w",
  "modified" : "2025-11-24T17:38:55Z",
  "published" : "2025-10-14T18:30:35Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-59250" ],
  "summary" : "JDBC Driver for SQL Server has improper input validation issue",
  "details" : "Improper input validation in JDBC Driver for SQL Server allows an unauthorized attacker to perform spoofing over a network.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "8.3.0.jre11-preview"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "10.2.4.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "11.2.0.jre11"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "11.2.4.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "12.2.0.jre11"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "12.2.1.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "12.6.0.jre11"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "12.6.5.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "12.8.0.jre11"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "12.8.2.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "12.10.0.jre11"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "12.10.2.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.microsoft.sqlserver:mssql-jdbc"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "13.2.0.jre11"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "13.2.1.jre11"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59250"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2798"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2800"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2801"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2802"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2803"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/pull/2807"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/commit/9732e1bbc6ec44166fda2cddab31ce1c86c873dd#diff-45367b99a1951943bfecfc7765e80df687967aa56286a5b2e039f77cd9a0e118"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/microsoft/mssql-jdbc/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/connect/jdbc/microsoft-jdbc-driver-for-sql-server-support-matrix"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-59250"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-20" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-11-03T14:53:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-10-14T17:16:07Z"
  }
}