CVE-2021-21393: Matrix synapse Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-jrh7-mhhx-6h88
CVSS 5.3
CWE-20
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2021-21393 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-20: Improper Input Validation) affecting Matrix synapse libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves denial of service (via resource exhaustion) due to improper input validation on groups/communities endpoints. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.28.0.

CVE-2021-21393 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2021-21393
GHSA Identifier GHSA-jrh7-mhhx-6h88
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.3
CWE Classification CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
Affected Product Matrix synapse
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2021-21393

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Matrix synapse dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

matrix-synapse fixed: 1.28.0
pip install matrix-synapse>=1.28.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

pip show matrix-synapse

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2021-21393, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show matrix-synapse

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Matrix synapse in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.28.0), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show matrix-synapse command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation, where the product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. In Matrix synapse, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact Missing input validation of some parameters on the groups (also known as communities) endpoints could cause excessive use of disk space and memory leading to resource exhaustion. Additionally clients may have issues rendering large fields. ### Patches This issue is fixed by #9321 and #9393. ### Workarounds The groups feature can be disabled (by setting `enable_group_creation` to `False`) to mitigate this issue. Note that it is disabled by default. ### Other information Note that the groups feature is not part of the [Matrix specification](https://matrix.org/docs/spec/) and the chosen maximum lengths are arbitrary. Not all clients might abide by them.

CVE-2021-21393 Affected Matrix synapse Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.28.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
matrix-synapse
PyPI
< 1.28.0
1.28.0

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2021-21393?
CVE-2021-21393 is a security vulnerability in Matrix synapse involving Denial of service (via resource exhaustion) due to improper input validation on groups/communities endpoints under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation.
Which Matrix synapse versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.28.0 across affected packages: matrix-synapse.
What version fixes CVE-2021-21393?
Upgrading to 1.28.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is matrix-synapse affected?
Yes, matrix-synapse is affected in releases prior to 1.28.0. Upgrade your dependency to 1.28.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-21393?
CVE-2021-21393 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2021-21393?
CVE-2021-21393 is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation (The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2021-21393?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show matrix-synapse'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-jrh7-mhhx-6h88",
  "modified" : "2024-09-30T20:39:15Z",
  "published" : "2021-04-13T15:12:40Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2021-21393" ],
  "summary" : "Denial of service (via resource exhaustion) due to improper input validation on groups/communities endpoints",
  "details" : "### Impact\nMissing input validation of some parameters on the groups (also known as communities) endpoints could cause excessive use of disk space and memory leading to resource exhaustion. Additionally clients may have issues rendering large fields.\n\n### Patches\nThis issue is fixed by #9321 and #9393.\n\n### Workarounds\nThe groups feature can be disabled (by setting `enable_group_creation` to `False`) to mitigate this issue. Note that it is disabled by default.\n\n### Other information\nNote that the groups feature is not part of the [Matrix specification](https://matrix.org/docs/spec/) and the chosen maximum lengths are arbitrary. Not all clients might abide by them.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "matrix-synapse"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.28.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/security/advisories/GHSA-jrh7-mhhx-6h88"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21393"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/9321"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/9393"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/commit/3f58fc848d0002de4605bed91603a1f9f245d128"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/commit/d2f0ec12d5c8f113095408888e87e191ac546499"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/matrix-synapse/PYSEC-2021-26.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/TNNAJOZNMVMXM6AS7RFFKB4QLUJ4IFEY"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://pypi.org/project/matrix-synapse"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-20" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-04-12T20:48:55Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2021-04-12T22:15:00Z"
  }
}