CVE-2017-12973: Nimbus jose jwt Nimbus JOSE+JWT Vulnerable To Padding Vulnerability

LOW
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-jfmq-4g4m-99rh
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CVSS 3.1
CWE-354
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2017-12973 is a LOW (CVSS 3.1) nimbus jose+jwt vulnerable to padding vulnerability (CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value) affecting Nimbus jose jwt libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves nimbus jose+jwt vulnerable to padding oracle attack. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.39.

CVE-2017-12973 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2017-12973
GHSA Identifier GHSA-jfmq-4g4m-99rh
Severity LOW
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 3.1
CWE Classification CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value
Affected Product Nimbus jose jwt
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 3.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2017-12973

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Nimbus jose jwt dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt fixed: 4.39 
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.nimbusds</groupId>
    <artifactId>nimbus-jose-jwt</artifactId>
    <version>4.39</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.nimbusds

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2017-12973, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.nimbusds

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Nimbus jose jwt in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.39), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.nimbusds command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value, where the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the integrity check values or "checksums" of a message. this may prevent it from detecting if the data has been modified or corrupted in transmission. In Nimbus jose jwt, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Nimbus JOSE+JWT before 4.39 proceeds improperly after detection of an invalid HMAC in authenticated AES-CBC decryption, which allows attackers to conduct a padding oracle attack.

CVE-2017-12973 Affected Nimbus jose jwt Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
4.39
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt
maven/com.nimbusds/nimbus-jose-jwt
Maven
< 4.39
4.39

References

NVD — CVE-2017-12973 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12973
bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-j... WEB
https://bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-jose-jwt/commits/6a29f10f723f406eb25555f55842c59a43a38912
bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-j... WEB
https://bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-jose-jwt/issues/223/aescbc-return-immediately-on-invalid-hmac
bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-j... WEB
https://bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-jose-jwt/src/master/CHANGELOG.txt

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2017-12973?
CVE-2017-12973 is a security vulnerability in Nimbus jose jwt involving Nimbus JOSE+JWT vulnerable to padding oracle attack under CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value.
Which Nimbus jose jwt versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 4.39 across affected packages: com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt.
What version fixes CVE-2017-12973?
Upgrading to 4.39 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is nimbus-jose-jwt affected?
Yes, com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt is affected in releases prior to 4.39. Upgrade your dependency to 4.39 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2017-12973?
CVE-2017-12973 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 3.1 (LOW) with vector string CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2017-12973?
CVE-2017-12973 is classified under CWE-354: Improper Validation of Integrity Check Value (The product does not validate or incorrectly validates the integrity check values or "checksums" of a message. This may prevent it from detecting if the data has been modified or corrupted in transmission.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2017-12973?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=com.nimbusds'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-jfmq-4g4m-99rh",
  "modified" : "2022-11-08T23:03:33Z",
  "published" : "2022-05-13T01:42:51Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2017-12973" ],
  "summary" : "Nimbus JOSE+JWT vulnerable to padding oracle attack",
  "details" : "Nimbus JOSE+JWT before 4.39 proceeds improperly after detection of an invalid HMAC in authenticated AES-CBC decryption, which allows attackers to conduct a padding oracle attack.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "com.nimbusds:nimbus-jose-jwt"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.39"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12973"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-jose-jwt/commits/6a29f10f723f406eb25555f55842c59a43a38912"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-jose-jwt/issues/223/aescbc-return-immediately-on-invalid-hmac"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://bitbucket.org/connect2id/nimbus-jose-jwt/src/master/CHANGELOG.txt"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-354" ],
    "severity" : "LOW",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2022-11-08T23:03:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2017-08-20T16:29:00Z"
  }
}