CVE-2025-21610: Trix ` Url Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-j386-3444-qgwg
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CVSS 5.3
CWE-79
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-21610 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.3) ` url vulnerability (CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')) affecting Trix libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves ` url in a link. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.1.12.

CVE-2025-21610 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-21610
GHSA Identifier GHSA-j386-3444-qgwg
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.3
CWE Classification CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Affected Product Trix
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-21610

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Trix dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

trix fixed: 2.1.12 
npm install trix@2.1.12
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls trix

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-21610, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls trix

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Trix in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.1.12), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls trix command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), where the product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. In Trix, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

The Trix editor, versions prior to 2.1.11, is vulnerable to XSS when pasting malicious code in the link field. ### Impact An attacker could trick the user to copy&paste a malicious `javascript:` URL as a link that would execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of the user's session, potentially leading to unauthorized actions being performed or sensitive information being disclosed. See https://gist.github.com/th4s1s/3921fd9c3e324ad9a3e0d846166e3eb8 ### Patches Update Recommendation: Users should upgrade to Trix editor version 2.1.12 or later. ### Workarounds This is not really a workaround but something that should be considered in addition to upgrading to the patched version. If affected users can disallow browsers that don't support a Content Security Policy, then this would be an effective workaround for this and all XSS vulnerabilities. Set CSP policies such as script-src 'self' to ensure that only scripts hosted on the same origin are executed, and explicitly prohibit inline scripts using script-src-elem. ### References https://gist.github.com/th4s1s/3921fd9c3e324ad9a3e0d846166e3eb8 ### Credits This vulnerability was reported by Hackerone researcher https://hackerone.com/lio346?type=user

CVE-2025-21610 Affected Trix Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.1.12
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
trix
npm/trix
npm
< 2.1.12
2.1.12

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/basecamp/trix/security/advisories/GHSA-j386-3444-qgwg
NVD — CVE-2025-21610 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21610
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/basecamp/trix/commit/180c8d337f18e1569cea6ef29b4d03ffff5b5faa
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/basecamp/trix/commit/c4f0d6f80654603932af6685694f694e96593b93
Trix Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://gist.github.com/th4s1s/3921fd9c3e324ad9a3e0d846166e3eb8
Trix Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/basecamp/trix

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-21610?
CVE-2025-21610 is a security vulnerability in Trix involving ` url in a link under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting').
Which Trix versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.1.12 across affected packages: trix.
What version fixes CVE-2025-21610?
Upgrading to 2.1.12 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is trix affected?
Yes, trix is affected in releases prior to 2.1.12. Upgrade your dependency to 2.1.12 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-21610?
CVE-2025-21610 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.3 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-21610?
CVE-2025-21610 is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-21610?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls trix'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-j386-3444-qgwg",
  "modified" : "2025-01-03T19:26:14Z",
  "published" : "2025-01-03T16:29:58Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-21610" ],
  "summary" : "Trix allows Cross-site Scripting via `javascript:` url in a link",
  "details" : "The Trix editor, versions prior to 2.1.11, is vulnerable to XSS when pasting malicious code in the link field.\n\n### Impact\n\nAn attacker could trick the user to copy&paste a malicious `javascript:` URL as a link that would execute arbitrary JavaScript code within the context of the user's session, potentially leading to unauthorized actions being performed or sensitive information being disclosed.\n\nSee https://gist.github.com/th4s1s/3921fd9c3e324ad9a3e0d846166e3eb8\n\n### Patches\n\nUpdate Recommendation: Users should upgrade to Trix editor version 2.1.12 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nThis is not really a workaround but something that should be considered in addition to upgrading to the patched version. If affected users can disallow browsers that don't support a Content Security Policy, then this would be an effective workaround for this and all XSS vulnerabilities. Set CSP policies such as script-src 'self' to ensure that only scripts hosted on the same origin are executed, and explicitly prohibit inline scripts using script-src-elem.\n\n### References\n\nhttps://gist.github.com/th4s1s/3921fd9c3e324ad9a3e0d846166e3eb8\n\n### Credits\n\nThis vulnerability was reported by Hackerone researcher https://hackerone.com/lio346?type=user",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "trix"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.1.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/basecamp/trix/security/advisories/GHSA-j386-3444-qgwg"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21610"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/basecamp/trix/commit/180c8d337f18e1569cea6ef29b4d03ffff5b5faa"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/basecamp/trix/commit/c4f0d6f80654603932af6685694f694e96593b93"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://gist.github.com/th4s1s/3921fd9c3e324ad9a3e0d846166e3eb8"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/basecamp/trix"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-01-03T16:29:58Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-01-03T17:15:09Z"
  }
}