CVE-2020-26257: Matrix synapse Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-hxmp-pqch-c8mm
CVSS 6.5
CWE-400 CWE-79 CWE-74
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2020-26257 is a HIGH (CVSS 6.5) denial of service vulnerability (CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption) affecting Matrix synapse libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves denial of service attack via incorrect parameters in matrix synapse. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.23.1.

CVE-2020-26257 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2020-26257
GHSA Identifier GHSA-hxmp-pqch-c8mm
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.5
CWE Classification CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
Affected Product Matrix synapse
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required Low (PR:L)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2020-26257

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Matrix synapse dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

matrix-synapse fixed: 1.23.1
pip install matrix-synapse>=1.23.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

pip show matrix-synapse

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2020-26257, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show matrix-synapse

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Matrix synapse in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.23.1), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show matrix-synapse command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption, where the product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource. In Matrix synapse, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact A malicious or poorly-implemented homeserver can inject malformed events into a room by specifying a different room id in the path of a `/send_join`, `/send_leave`, `/invite` or `/exchange_third_party_invite` request. This can lead to a denial of service in which future events will not be correctly sent to other servers over federation. This affects any server which accepts federation requests from untrusted servers. ### Patches Issue is resolved by https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/8776. ### Workarounds Homeserver administrators could limit access to the federation API to trusted servers (for example via `federation_domain_whitelist`).

CVE-2020-26257 Affected Matrix synapse Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.23.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
matrix-synapse
PyPI
< 1.23.1
1.23.1

References

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2020-26257?
CVE-2020-26257 is a security vulnerability in Matrix synapse involving Denial of service attack via incorrect parameters in Matrix Synapse under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption.
Which Matrix synapse versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.23.1 across affected packages: matrix-synapse.
What version fixes CVE-2020-26257?
Upgrading to 1.23.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is matrix-synapse affected?
Yes, matrix-synapse is affected in releases prior to 1.23.1. Upgrade your dependency to 1.23.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-26257?
CVE-2020-26257 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-26257?
CVE-2020-26257 is classified under CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption (The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2020-26257?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show matrix-synapse'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-hxmp-pqch-c8mm",
  "modified" : "2024-09-24T17:44:50Z",
  "published" : "2020-12-09T18:21:29Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-26257" ],
  "summary" : "Denial of service attack via incorrect parameters in Matrix Synapse",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nA malicious or poorly-implemented homeserver can inject malformed events into a room by specifying a different room id in the path of a `/send_join`, `/send_leave`, `/invite` or `/exchange_third_party_invite` request.\n\nThis can lead to a denial of service in which future events will not be correctly sent to other servers over federation.\n\nThis affects any server which accepts federation requests from untrusted servers.\n\n### Patches\n\nIssue is resolved by https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/8776.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nHomeserver administrators could limit access to the federation API to trusted servers (for example via `federation_domain_whitelist`).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "matrix-synapse"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.23.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/security/advisories/GHSA-hxmp-pqch-c8mm"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-26257"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/pull/8776"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/commit/3ce2f303f15f6ac3dc352298972dc6e04d9b7a8b"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/blob/develop/CHANGES.md#synapse-1231-2020-12-09"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/matrix-synapse/PYSEC-2020-236.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/DBTIU3ZNBFWZ56V4X7JIAD33V5H2GOMC"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/QR4MMYZKX5N5GYGH4H5LBUUC5TLAFHI7"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-400", "CWE-74", "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-12-09T18:21:17Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2020-12-09T19:15:00Z"
  }
}