CVE-2025-59527: Flowise FlowiseAI/Flowise Has Server-Side Request Forgery Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m",
  "modified" : "2025-09-22T21:58:31Z",
  "published" : "2025-09-15T19:53:46Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-59527" ],
  "summary" : "FlowiseAI/Flowise has Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability",
  "details" : "### Summary\n---\n\nA Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was discovered in the `/api/v1/fetch-links` endpoint of the Flowise application. This vulnerability allows an attacker to use the Flowise server as a proxy to access internal network web services and explore their link structures. The impact includes the potential exposure of sensitive internal administrative endpoints.\n\n\n### Details\n---\n\n#### Vulnerability Overview\n\nThe `fetch-links` feature in Flowise is designed to extract links from external websites or XML sitemaps. It performs an HTTP request from the server to the user-supplied URL and parses the response (HTML or XML) to extract and return links.\n\nThe issue arises because the feature performs these HTTP requests **without validating the user-supplied URL**. In particular, when the `relativeLinksMethod` parameter is set to `webCrawl` or `xmlScrape`, the server directly calls the `fetch()` function with the provided URL, making it vulnerable to SSRF attacks.\n\n#### Root Cause\n\nThe `fetch()` function is called without URL validation or restriction, which enables attackers to redirect the server to internal services.\n\n\n### Taint Flow\n\n#### • Taint 01: Route Registration\n\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/controllers/fetch-links/index.ts#L6-L24\n\n#### • Taint 02: Service\n\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/services/fetch-links/index.ts#L8-L18\n\n#### • Taint 03: xmlScrape\n\nhttps://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/components/src/utils.ts#L474-L478\n\n\n### PoC\n---\n\n#### PoC Description\n\nThis vulnerability was verified in a local development environment. The Flowise server was running at `http://localhost:3000`, and authentication was performed using the Bearer token:\n\n```\ntmY1fIjgqZ6-nWUuZ9G7VzDtlsOiSZlDZjFSxZrDd0Q\n```\n\nUpon a successful attack, the Flowise server returned the entire link structure of the internal admin panel in JSON format. The response included sensitive administrative URLs such as:\n\n- `/api/users` (User Management)\n- `/api/secrets` (API Keys)\n- `/api/database` (Database Config)\n\nThis demonstrated that an attacker could enumerate internal web service structures.\n\n#### Internal Admin Server (Mock)\n\n```python\nfrom flask import Flask, render_template_string\n\napp = Flask(__name__)\n\n@app.route('/')\ndef admin():\n    return render_template_string(\"\"\"\n    <html>\n    <h1>Internal Admin Panel</h1>\n    <ul>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/users\">User Management</a></li>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/secrets\">API Keys</a></li>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/database\">Database Config</a></li>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/logs\">System Logs</a></li>\n    </ul>\n    \"\"\")\n\n@app.route('/api/users')\ndef users():\n    return render_template_string(\"\"\"\n    <html>\n    <h1>Users</h1>\n    <ul>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/users/admin\">admin (root)</a></li>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/users/operator\">operator</a></li>\n    </ul>\n    <a href=\"/\">Back</a>\n    \"\"\")\n\n@app.route('/api/secrets')\ndef secrets():\n    return render_template_string(\"\"\"\n    <html>\n    <h1>Secrets</h1>\n    <ul>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/secrets/db_key\">DB Key: sk-1234567890abcdef</a></li>\n        <li><a href=\"/api/secrets/aws_key\">AWS Key: AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE</a></li>\n    </ul>\n    <a href=\"/\">Back</a>\n    \"\"\")\n\nif __name__ == '__main__':\n    app.run(host='127.0.0.1', port=8080)\n```\n\n#### curl Request Example\n\n```bash\ncurl -G 'http://localhost:3000/api/v1/fetch-links' \\\n     --data-urlencode 'url=http://127.0.0.1:8080/' \\\n     --data-urlencode 'relativeLinksMethod=webCrawl' \\\n     --data-urlencode 'limit=10' \\\n     -H 'Authorization: Bearer tmY1fIjgqZ6-nWUuZ9G7VzDtlsOiSZlDZjFSxZrDd0Q' \\\n     -s | jq '.'\n```\n<img width=\"1914\" height=\"952\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/6cb1abb1-0a31-43d4-8d9e-8d45f58051f3\" />\n\n\n### Impact\n---\n\nThis is a **Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)** vulnerability.\n\n- **Who is impacted?** Any user running Flowise server exposed to external traffic.\n- **Risk:** Attackers can leverage the Flowise server to:\n  - Explore internal web applications\n  - Bypass firewall rules\n  - Access sensitive administrative interfaces\n  - Leak internal configuration, credentials, or secrets\n\nThis vulnerability significantly increases the risk of **internal service enumeration and potential lateral movement** in an enterprise environment.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "flowise"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.0.5"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.0.6"
      } ]
    } ],
    "versions" : [ "3.0.5" ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/security/advisories/GHSA-hr92-4q35-4j3m"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59527"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/components/src/utils.ts#L474-L478"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/controllers/fetch-links/index.ts#L6-L24"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/blob/5930f1119c655bcf8d2200ae827a1f5b9fec81d0/packages/server/src/services/fetch-links/index.ts#L8-L18"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/releases/tag/flowise%403.0.6"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-918" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-09-15T19:53:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-09-22T20:15:39Z"
  }
}