CVE-2026-23736: Seroval Seroval Affected By Prototype Pollution Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-hj76-42vx-jwp4
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CVSS 7.3
CWE-1321
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-23736 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.3) seroval affected by prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Seroval libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves seroval affected by prototype pollution via json deserialization. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.4.1.

CVE-2026-23736 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-23736
GHSA Identifier GHSA-hj76-42vx-jwp4
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.3
CWE Classification CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
Affected Product Seroval
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.3

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability Low (A:L)

How to Fix CVE-2026-23736

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Seroval dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

seroval fixed: 1.4.1 
npm install seroval@1.4.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls seroval

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2026-23736, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls seroval

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Seroval in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.4.1), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls seroval command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Seroval, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Due to improper input validation, a malicious object key can lead to prototype pollution during JSON deserialization. This affects only JSON deserialization functionality. As there is no known workaround, please upgrade to the latest version.

CVE-2026-23736 Affected Seroval Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.4.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
seroval
npm/seroval
npm
< 1.4.1
1.4.1

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/security/advisories/GHSA-hj76-42vx-jwp4
NVD — CVE-2026-23736 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23736
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/commit/ce9408ebc87312fcad345a73c172212f2a798060
Seroval Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-23736?
CVE-2026-23736 is a security vulnerability in Seroval involving seroval Affected by Prototype Pollution via JSON Deserialization under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution').
Which Seroval versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.4.1 across affected packages: seroval.
What version fixes CVE-2026-23736?
Upgrading to 1.4.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is seroval affected?
Yes, seroval is affected in releases prior to 1.4.1. Upgrade your dependency to 1.4.1 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-23736?
CVE-2026-23736 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.3 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-23736?
CVE-2026-23736 is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution') (The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2026-23736?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls seroval'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-hj76-42vx-jwp4",
  "modified" : "2026-01-22T15:39:43Z",
  "published" : "2026-01-21T15:41:14Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-23736" ],
  "summary" : "seroval Affected by Prototype Pollution via JSON Deserialization",
  "details" : "Due to improper input validation, a malicious object key can lead to prototype pollution during JSON deserialization.\nThis affects only JSON deserialization functionality.\n\nAs there is no known workaround, please upgrade to the latest version.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "seroval"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.4.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/security/advisories/GHSA-hj76-42vx-jwp4"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-23736"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval/commit/ce9408ebc87312fcad345a73c172212f2a798060"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/lxsmnsyc/seroval"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-01-21T15:41:14Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-01-21T23:15:52Z"
  }
}