CVE-2025-27408: Manifest Manifest Uses A One-Way Hash Vulnerability
MODERATECVE-2025-27408 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.8) manifest uses a one-way hash vulnerability (CWE-759: Use of a One-Way Hash without a Salt) affecting Manifest libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves manifest uses a one-way hash without a salt. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.9.2.
CVE-2025-27408 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 4.8
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
How to Fix CVE-2025-27408
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Manifest dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
npm install manifest@4.9.2Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
npm ls manifestHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-27408, inspect your project dependencies using npm:
npm ls manifestAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Manifest in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.9.2), your application is affected.
Note: The npm ls manifest command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-759: Use of a One-Way Hash without a Salt, where the product uses a one-way cryptographic hash against an input that should not be reversible, such as a password, but the product does not also use a salt as part of the input. In Manifest, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-27408 Affected Manifest Versions
1 component(s)| Product / Package | Ecosystem | Affected Versions | Fixed Version |
|---|---|---|---|
|
manifest
|
npm |
< 4.9.2
|
4.9.2
|
References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-27408?
Which Manifest versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-27408?
Is manifest affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-27408?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-27408?
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-27408?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-h8h6-7752-g28c",
"modified" : "2025-03-04T22:23:26Z",
"published" : "2025-03-03T19:55:33Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-27408" ],
"summary" : "Manifest Uses a One-Way Hash without a Salt",
"details" : "### Summary\nManifest employs a weak password hashing implementation that uses SHA3 without a salt. This exposes user passwords to a higher risk of being cracked if an attacker gains access to the database. Without the use of a salt, identical passwords across multiple users will result in the same hash, making it easier for attackers to identify and exploit patterns, thereby accelerating the cracking process.\n\n### Details\nAnalysis of the application source code reveals that user passwords are hashed using the SHA3 algorithm without implementing a unique salt per user.\n```\nconst newUser: AuthenticableEntity = entityRepository.create(signupUserDto)\nnewUser.password = SHA3(newUser.password).toString()\n```\nThis approach results in deterministic password hashes, which can be identified by comparing the hashes for users with matching credentials.\n\n\n\n\n### PoC\n1. Create two users with the same password (it could be admin or any other authenticatable entity)\n2. Extract their password hashes from the database\n3. Verify that both hashes are identical, confirming the absence of unique salts\n\n### Impact\nThis is a cryptographic weakness vulnerability that affects all users of the system. The lack of a unique salt when hashing passwords reduces protection against database breaches, as attackers who gain access to the database can more efficiently crack user passwords. Since identical passwords result in identical hashes, attackers can use precomputed hash databases (e.g., Rainbow Tables) or offline brute-force attacks to reverse the hashes and obtain user passwords, increasing the risk of compromised accounts and further system exploitation.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "manifest"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0"
}, {
"fixed" : "4.9.2"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/mnfst/manifest/security/advisories/GHSA-h8h6-7752-g28c"
}, {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27408"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/mnfst/manifest/commit/3ed6f1324e96ad469ad929d470dcd0cc386c6c69"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/mnfst/manifest"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-759" ],
"severity" : "MODERATE",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-03-03T19:55:33Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-02-28T18:15:28Z"
}
}