CVE-2025-4166: Github.com/hashicorp/vault Hashicorp Vault Community Vulnerable To Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-gcqf-f89c-68hv
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CVSS 4.5
CWE-209
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-4166 is a MODERATE (CVSS 4.5) hashicorp vault community vulnerable to vulnerability (CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information) affecting Github.com/hashicorp/vault libraries in the Go ecosystem. The issue involves hashicorp vault community vulnerable to generation of error message containing sensitive information. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.19.3.

CVE-2025-4166 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-4166
GHSA Identifier GHSA-gcqf-f89c-68hv
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 4.5
CWE Classification CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information
Affected Product Github.com/hashicorp/vault
Package Ecosystem Go
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 4.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required High (PR:H)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-4166

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Github.com/hashicorp/vault dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

github.com/hashicorp/vault fixed: 1.19.3 
Upgrade github.com/hashicorp/vault to 1.19.3
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for github.com/hashicorp/vault

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-4166, inspect your project dependencies for Github.com/hashicorp/vault:

inspect dependencies for github.com/hashicorp/vault

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Github.com/hashicorp/vault in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.19.3), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information, where the product generates an error message that includes sensitive information about its environment, users, or associated data. In Github.com/hashicorp/vault, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.

CVE-2025-4166 Affected Github.com/hashicorp/vault Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.19.3
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
github.com/hashicorp/vault
golang/github.com/hashicorp/vault
Go
≥ 0.3.0
< 1.19.3
1.19.3

References

NVD — CVE-2025-4166 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4166
discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-09-vau... WEB
https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-09-vault-may-expose-sensitive-information-in-error-logs-when-processing-malformed-data-with-the-kv-v2-plugin
Github.com/hashicorp/vault Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/hashicorp/vault
pkg.go.dev/vuln/go-2025-3663 WEB
https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3663

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-4166?
CVE-2025-4166 is a security vulnerability in Github.com/hashicorp/vault involving Hashicorp Vault Community vulnerable to Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information under CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information.
Which Github.com/hashicorp/vault versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.19.3 across affected packages: github.com/hashicorp/vault.
What version fixes CVE-2025-4166?
Upgrading to 1.19.3 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is github.com/hashicorp/vault affected?
Yes, github.com/hashicorp/vault is affected in releases prior to 1.19.3. Upgrade your dependency to 1.19.3 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-4166?
CVE-2025-4166 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 4.5 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-4166?
CVE-2025-4166 is classified under CWE-209: Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information (The product generates an error message that includes sensitive information about its environment, users, or associated data.).
How can I check Go dependencies for CVE-2025-4166?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for github.com/hashicorp/vault'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-gcqf-f89c-68hv",
  "modified" : "2025-05-06T19:11:09Z",
  "published" : "2025-05-02T15:31:49Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-4166" ],
  "summary" : "Hashicorp Vault Community vulnerable to Generation of Error Message Containing Sensitive Information",
  "details" : "Vault Community and Vault Enterprise Key/Value (kv) Version 2 plugin may unintentionally expose sensitive information in server and audit logs when users submit malformed payloads during secret creation or update operations via the Vault REST API. This vulnerability, identified as CVE-2025-4166, is fixed in Vault Community 1.19.3 and Vault Enterprise 1.19.3, 1.18.9, 1.17.16, 1.16.20.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Go",
      "name" : "github.com/hashicorp/vault"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.19.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4166"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-09-vault-may-expose-sensitive-information-in-error-logs-when-processing-malformed-data-with-the-kv-v2-plugin"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/hashicorp/vault"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2025-3663"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-209" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-05-02T19:31:47Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-05-02T15:15:50Z"
  }
}