CVE-2025-48997: Multer Denial of Service Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg
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CWE-248
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-48997 is a HIGH denial of service vulnerability (CWE-248: Uncaught Exception) affecting Multer libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves multer vulnerable to denial of service via unhandled exception. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.0.1.

CVE-2025-48997 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-48997
GHSA Identifier GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-248: Uncaught Exception
Affected Product Multer
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix CVE-2025-48997

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Multer dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

multer fixed: 2.0.1 
npm install multer@2.0.1
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls multer

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2025-48997, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls multer

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Multer in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.0.1), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls multer command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-248: Uncaught Exception, where an exception is thrown from a function, but it is not caught. In Multer, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact A vulnerability in Multer versions >=1.4.4-lts.1, <2.0.1 allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) by sending an upload file request with an empty string field name. This request causes an unhandled exception, leading to a crash of the process. ### Patches Users should upgrade to `2.0.1` ### Workarounds None ### References https://github.com/expressjs/multer/commit/35a3272b611945155e046dd5cef11088587635e9 https://github.com/expressjs/multer/issues/1233 https://github.com/expressjs/multer/pull/1256

CVE-2025-48997 Affected Multer Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.0.1
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
multer
npm/multer
npm
≥ 1.4.4-lts.1
< 2.0.1
2.0.1

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/expressjs/multer/security/advisories/GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg
NVD — CVE-2025-48997 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48997
Multer Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/expressjs/multer/issues/1233
Multer Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/expressjs/multer/pull/1256
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/expressjs/multer/commit/35a3272b611945155e046dd5cef11088587635e9
Multer Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/expressjs/multer

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-48997?
CVE-2025-48997 is a security vulnerability in Multer involving Multer vulnerable to Denial of Service via unhandled exception under CWE-248: Uncaught Exception.
Which Multer versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.0.1 across affected packages: multer.
What version fixes CVE-2025-48997?
Upgrading to 2.0.1 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is multer affected?
Yes, multer is affected in releases prior to 2.0.1. Upgrade your dependency to 2.0.1 or later.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-48997?
CVE-2025-48997 is classified under CWE-248: Uncaught Exception (An exception is thrown from a function, but it is not caught.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2025-48997?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls multer'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg",
  "modified" : "2025-06-05T01:09:35Z",
  "published" : "2025-06-05T01:09:35Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-48997" ],
  "summary" : "Multer vulnerable to Denial of Service via unhandled exception",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nA vulnerability in Multer versions >=1.4.4-lts.1, <2.0.1 allows an attacker to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) by sending an upload file request with an empty string field name. This request causes an unhandled exception, leading to a crash of the process.\n\n### Patches\n\nUsers should upgrade to `2.0.1`\n\n### Workarounds\n\nNone\n\n### References\n\nhttps://github.com/expressjs/multer/commit/35a3272b611945155e046dd5cef11088587635e9\nhttps://github.com/expressjs/multer/issues/1233\nhttps://github.com/expressjs/multer/pull/1256",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "multer"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.4.4-lts.1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.0.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/security/advisories/GHSA-g5hg-p3ph-g8qg"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48997"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/issues/1233"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/pull/1256"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/expressjs/multer/commit/35a3272b611945155e046dd5cef11088587635e9"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/expressjs/multer"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-248" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-06-05T01:09:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-06-03T19:15:39Z"
  }
}