GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r: Duplicate Advisory OpenClaw: Trailing-dot Localhost CDP Hosts Vulnerability

MODERATE
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CVSS 5.8
CWE-639
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.8) openclaw: trailing-dot localhost cdp hosts vulnerability (CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves openclaw: trailing-dot localhost cdp hosts could bypass remote loopback protections. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2026.4.2.

GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.8
CWE Classification CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

openclaw fixed: 2026.4.2 
npm install openclaw@2026.4.2
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls openclaw

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls openclaw

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2026.4.2), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls openclaw command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key, where the system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data. In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-fh32-73r9-rgh5. This link is maintained to preserve external references. ### Original Description OpenClaw before 2026.4.2 fails to normalize trailing-dot localhost hosts in remote CDP discovery responses, allowing bypass of loopback protections. Attackers can craft hostile discovery responses returning localhost. to retarget authenticated browser control toward localhost endpoints and expose browser state.

GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2026.4.2
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
openclaw
npm/openclaw
npm
< 2026.4.2
2026.4.2

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-fh32-73r9-rgh5
NVD — GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41372
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/9c22d636697336a6b22b0ae24798d8b8325d7828
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-loopback-protection-bypass-via-trailing-dot-localhost-in-cdp-discovery

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r?
GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving OpenClaw: Trailing-dot localhost CDP hosts could bypass remote loopback protections under CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key.
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2026.4.2 across affected packages: openclaw.
What version fixes GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r?
Upgrading to 2026.4.2 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is openclaw affected?
Yes, openclaw is affected in releases prior to 2026.4.2. Upgrade your dependency to 2026.4.2 or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r?
GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.8 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r?
GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r is classified under CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key (The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls openclaw'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-f5fm-9jmp-c88r",
  "modified" : "2026-05-06T19:03:41Z",
  "published" : "2026-04-28T00:31:41Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-05-06T19:03:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: OpenClaw: Trailing-dot localhost CDP hosts could bypass remote loopback protections",
  "details" : "### Duplicate Advisory\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-fh32-73r9-rgh5. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n### Original Description\nOpenClaw before 2026.4.2 fails to normalize trailing-dot localhost hosts in remote CDP discovery responses, allowing bypass of loopback protections. Attackers can craft hostile discovery responses returning localhost. to retarget authenticated browser control toward localhost endpoints and expose browser state.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "openclaw"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2026.4.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-fh32-73r9-rgh5"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41372"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/commit/9c22d636697336a6b22b0ae24798d8b8325d7828"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-loopback-protection-bypass-via-trailing-dot-localhost-in-cdp-discovery"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-639" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-05-06T19:03:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-04-28T00:16:26Z"
  }
}