CVE-2021-21409: Netty codec http2 Possible Request Smuggling Vulnerability

Q: What is CVE-2021-21409?

CVE-2021-21409 is a security vulnerability in Netty codec http2 involving Possible request smuggling in HTTP/2 due missing validation of content-length under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling').

Q: Which Netty codec http2 versions are affected?

Affected versions include releases prior to 4.1.61.Final across affected packages: io.netty:netty-codec-http2, org.jboss.netty:netty, io.netty:netty.

Q: What version fixes CVE-2021-21409?

Upgrading to 4.1.61.Final (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.

Q: Is netty-codec-http2 affected?

Yes, io.netty:netty-codec-http2 is affected in releases prior to 4.1.61.Final. Upgrade your dependency to 4.1.61.Final or later.

Q: Is netty affected?

Yes, org.jboss.netty:netty is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.

Q: What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-21409?

CVE-2021-21409 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.

Q: What CWE is associated with CVE-2021-21409?

CVE-2021-21409 is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') (The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.).

Q: How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2021-21409?

Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.

MODERATE

Advisory Identifier: GHSA-f256-j965-7f32

CVSS 5.9

CWE-444

Published 2021-03-30

Advisory Summary

CVE-2021-21409 is a MODERATE (CVSS 5.9) possible request smuggling vulnerability (CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')) affecting Netty codec http2 libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves possible request smuggling in http/2 due missing validation of content-length. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 4.1.61.Final.

CVE-2021-21409 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2021-21409

GHSA Identifier GHSA-f256-j965-7f32

Severity MODERATE

CVSS v3.1 Base Score 5.9

CWE Classification CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

Affected Product Netty codec http2

Package Ecosystem Maven

Published Date 2021-03-30

Last Updated 2022-02-08

Security Impact

CVSS: 5.9

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)

Attack Complexity High (AC:H)

Privileges Required None (PR:N)

User Interaction None (UI:N)

Scope Unchanged (S:U)

Confidentiality None (C:N)

Integrity High (I:H)

Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2021-21409

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Netty codec http2 dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

io.netty:netty-codec-http2 fixed: 4.1.61.Final

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty-codec-http2</artifactId>
    <version>4.1.61.Final</version>
</dependency>

org.jboss.netty:netty fixed: Latest secure release

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jboss.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>

io.netty:netty fixed: Latest secure release

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.netty</groupId>
    <artifactId>netty</artifactId>
    <version>Latest secure release</version>
</dependency>

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2021-21409, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Netty codec http2 in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 4.1.61.Final), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling'), where the product acts as an intermediary http agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed http requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination. In Netty codec http2, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact The content-length header is not correctly validated if the request only use a single Http2HeaderFrame with the endStream set to to true. This could lead to request smuggling if the request is proxied to a remote peer and translated to HTTP/1.1 This is a followup of https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-wm47-8v5p-wjpj which did miss to fix this one case. ### Patches This was fixed as part of 4.1.61.Final ### Workarounds Validation can be done by the user before proxy the request by validating the header.

CVE-2021-21409 Affected Netty codec http2 Versions

3 component(s)

Fixed Versions:

4.1.61.Final

Product / Package	Ecosystem	Affected Versions	Fixed Version
io.netty:netty-codec-http2 maven/io.netty/netty-codec-http2	Maven	≥ 4.0.0 < 4.1.61.Final	4.1.61.Final
org.jboss.netty:netty maven/org.jboss.netty/netty	Maven
io.netty:netty maven/io.netty/netty	Maven

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY

https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-f256-j965-7f32

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY

https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-wm47-8v5p-wjpj

NVD — CVE-2021-21409 NVD

https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21409

Netty codec http2 Security Information SECURITY

https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4885

Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT

https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/b0fa4d5aab4215f3c22ce6123dd8dd5f38dc0432

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Netty codec http2 Security Information SECURITY

https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210604-0003

Netty codec http2 Security Information SECURITY

https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html

Netty codec http2 Security Information SECURITY

https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuapr2022.html

Netty codec http2 Security Information SECURITY

https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html

Netty codec http2 Security Information SECURITY

https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html

MITRE CVE Database — CVE-2021-21409 MITRE

https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-21295

Netty codec http2 Source Repository REPOSITORY

https://github.com/netty/netty

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Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2021-21409?

CVE-2021-21409 is a security vulnerability in Netty codec http2 involving Possible request smuggling in HTTP/2 due missing validation of content-length under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling').

Which Netty codec http2 versions are affected?

Affected versions include releases prior to 4.1.61.Final across affected packages: io.netty:netty-codec-http2, org.jboss.netty:netty, io.netty:netty.

What version fixes CVE-2021-21409?

Upgrading to 4.1.61.Final (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.

Is netty-codec-http2 affected?

Yes, io.netty:netty-codec-http2 is affected in releases prior to 4.1.61.Final. Upgrade your dependency to 4.1.61.Final or later.

Is netty affected?

Yes, org.jboss.netty:netty is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.

What is the CVSS score of CVE-2021-21409?

CVE-2021-21409 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 5.9 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N.

What CWE is associated with CVE-2021-21409?

CVE-2021-21409 is classified under CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') (The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.).

How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2021-21409?

Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=io.netty'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.

Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema

Normalized schema output

View Raw JSON

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-f256-j965-7f32",
  "modified" : "2022-02-08T21:31:25Z",
  "published" : "2021-03-30T15:10:38Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2021-21409" ],
  "summary" : "Possible request smuggling in HTTP/2 due missing validation of content-length",
  "details" : "### Impact\nThe content-length header is not correctly validated if the request only use a single Http2HeaderFrame with the endStream set to to true. This could lead to request smuggling if the request is proxied to a remote peer and translated to HTTP/1.1\n\nThis is a followup of https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-wm47-8v5p-wjpj which did miss to fix this one case. \n\n### Patches\nThis was fixed as part of 4.1.61.Final\n\n### Workarounds\nValidation can be done by the user before proxy the request by validating the header.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.netty:netty-codec-http2"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.1.61.Final"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.jboss.netty:netty"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "< 4.0.0"
    }
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "io.netty:netty"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      } ]
    } ],
    "database_specific" : {
      "last_known_affected_version_range" : "< 4.0.0"
    }
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-f256-j965-7f32"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-wm47-8v5p-wjpj"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21409"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/commit/b0fa4d5aab4215f3c22ce6123dd8dd5f38dc0432"
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  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-444" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2021-03-30T15:03:26Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2021-03-30T15:15:00Z"
  }
}

CVSS V3

5.9 MODERATE

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)

Attack Complexity High (AC:H)

Privileges Required None (PR:N)

User Interaction None (UI:N)

Scope Unchanged (S:U)

Confidentiality None (C:N)

Integrity High (I:H)

Availability None (A:N)

Vector String

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N

Advisory Metadata

Source ID: GHSA-f256-j965-7f32
Schema Version: 1.4.0
Published: 2021-03-30 15:10
Last Modified: 2022-02-08 21:31
Database Record File: advisories/github-reviewed/2021/03/GHSA-f256-j965-7f32/GHSA-f256-j965-7f32.json