CVE-2025-49655: Keras Keras Framework Vulnerable To Deserialization Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-cvhh-q5g5-qprp
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CVSS 9.8
CWE-502
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-49655 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) keras framework vulnerable to deserialization vulnerability (CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data) affecting Keras libraries in the PyPI ecosystem. The issue involves keras framework vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.11.3.

CVE-2025-49655 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-49655
GHSA Identifier GHSA-cvhh-q5g5-qprp
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
Affected Product Keras
Package Ecosystem PyPI
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2025-49655

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Keras dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

keras fixed: 3.11.3 
pip install keras>=3.11.3
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

pip show keras

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Python environment is affected by CVE-2025-49655, inspect your installed packages using pip:

pip show keras

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Keras in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.11.3), your application is affected.

Note: The pip show keras command checks currently installed packages in your active Python environment.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data, where the product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid. In Keras, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Deserialization of untrusted data can occur in versions of the Keras framework running versions 3.11.0 up to but not including 3.11.3, enabling a maliciously uploaded Keras file containing a TorchModuleWrapper class to run arbitrary code on an end user’s system when loaded despite safe mode being enabled. The vulnerability can be triggered through both local and remote files.

CVE-2025-49655 Affected Keras Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.11.3
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
keras
pypi/keras
PyPI
≥ 3.11.0
< 3.11.3
3.11.3

References

NVD — CVE-2025-49655 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49655
Keras Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21575
Keras Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/keras-team/keras
Keras Security Information SECURITY
https://hiddenlayer.com/sai_security_advisor/2025-10-keras

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-49655?
CVE-2025-49655 is a security vulnerability in Keras involving Keras framework vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data under CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data.
Which Keras versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.11.3 across affected packages: keras.
What version fixes CVE-2025-49655?
Upgrading to 3.11.3 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is keras affected?
Yes, keras is affected in releases prior to 3.11.3. Upgrade your dependency to 3.11.3 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-49655?
CVE-2025-49655 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-49655?
CVE-2025-49655 is classified under CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data (The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid.).
How can I check PyPI dependencies for CVE-2025-49655?
Run the dependency tree command: 'pip show keras'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-cvhh-q5g5-qprp",
  "modified" : "2025-10-17T20:18:10Z",
  "published" : "2025-10-17T18:31:07Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-49655" ],
  "summary" : "Keras framework vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data",
  "details" : "Deserialization of untrusted data can occur in versions of the Keras framework running versions 3.11.0 up to but not including 3.11.3, enabling a maliciously uploaded Keras file containing a TorchModuleWrapper class to run arbitrary code on an end user’s system when loaded despite safe mode being enabled. The vulnerability can be triggered through both local and remote files.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "PyPI",
      "name" : "keras"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.11.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.11.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49655"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21575"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/keras-team/keras"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://hiddenlayer.com/sai_security_advisor/2025-10-keras"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-502" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-10-17T20:18:10Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-10-17T16:15:37Z"
  }
}