CVE-2020-7774: Y18n Prototype Pollution Vulnerability
HIGHCVE-2020-7774 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.3) prototype pollution vulnerability (CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')) affecting Y18n libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves prototype pollution in y18n. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.2.2, 4.0.1, 5.0.5.
CVE-2020-7774 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 7.3
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L).
How to Fix CVE-2020-7774
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Y18n dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
npm install y18n@3.2.2npm install y18n@4.0.1npm install y18n@5.0.5Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
npm ls y18nHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2020-7774, inspect your project dependencies using npm:
npm ls y18nAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Y18n in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.2.2), your application is affected.
Note: The npm ls y18n command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution'), where the product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype. In Y18n, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2020-7774 Affected Y18n Versions
3 component(s)References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2020-7774?
Which Y18n versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2020-7774?
Is y18n affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2020-7774?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2020-7774?
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2020-7774?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-c4w7-xm78-47vh",
"modified" : "2023-09-07T20:22:08Z",
"published" : "2021-03-29T16:05:12Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2020-7774" ],
"summary" : "Prototype Pollution in y18n",
"details" : "### Overview\n\nThe npm package `y18n` before versions 3.2.2, 4.0.1, and 5.0.5 is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution. \n\n### POC\n\n```js\nconst y18n = require('y18n')();\n\ny18n.setLocale('__proto__');\ny18n.updateLocale({polluted: true});\n\nconsole.log(polluted); // true\n```\n\n### Recommendation\n\nUpgrade to version 3.2.2, 4.0.1, 5.0.5 or later.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "y18n"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.2.2"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "y18n"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "4.0.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "4.0.1"
} ]
} ],
"versions" : [ "4.0.0" ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "npm",
"name" : "y18n"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "5.0.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "5.0.5"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7774"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/yargs/y18n/issues/96"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/yargs/y18n/pull/108"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/yargs/y18n/commit/90401eea9062ad498f4f792e3fff8008c4c193a3"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/yargs/y18n/commit/a9ac604abf756dec9687be3843e2c93bfe581f25"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-389290.pdf"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/yargs/y18n"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JAVA-ORGWEBJARSNPM-1038306"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-Y18N-1021887"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuApr2021.html"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-1321", "CWE-20", "CWE-915" ],
"severity" : "HIGH",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2021-03-12T21:23:11Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2020-11-17T13:15:00Z"
}
}