CVE-2025-53548: @clerk/backend @clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification Of Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-9mp4-77wg-rwx9",
  "modified" : "2025-07-09T20:15:13Z",
  "published" : "2025-07-09T18:07:40Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-53548" ],
  "summary" : "@clerk/backend Performs Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity",
  "details" : "### Impact\n\nApplications that use the `verifyWebhook()` helper to verify incoming Clerk webhooks are susceptible to accepting improperly signed webhook events.\n\n### Patches\n\n* `@clerk/backend`: the helper has been patched as of `2.4.0`\n* `@clerk/astro`: the helper has been patched as of `2.10.2`\n* `@clerk/express`: the helper has been patched as of `1.7.4`\n* `@clerk/fastify`: the helper has been patched as of `2.4.4`\n* `@clerk/nextjs`: the helper has been patched as of `6.23.3`\n* `@clerk/nuxt`: the helper has been patched as of `1.7.5`\n* `@clerk/react-router`: the helper has been patched as of `1.6.4`\n* `@clerk/remix`: the helper has been patched as of `4.8.5`\n* `@clerk/tanstack-react-start`: the helper has been patched as of `0.18.3`\n\n### Resolution\n\nThe issue was resolved in **`@clerk/backend` `2.4.0`** by:\n\n* Properly parsing the webhook request's signatures and comparing them against the signature generated from the received event\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf unable to upgrade, developers can workaround this issue by verifying webhooks manually, per [this documentation](https://clerk.com/docs/webhooks/overview#protect-your-webhooks-from-abuse).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/backend"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.4.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/astro"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.9.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.10.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/express"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.6.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.7.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/fastify"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.4.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/nextjs"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "6.2.10"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "6.23.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/nuxt"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.7.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.7.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/react-router"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.5.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.6.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/remix"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "4.8.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "4.8.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@clerk/tanstack-react-start"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0.16.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "0.18.3"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/clerk/javascript/security/advisories/GHSA-9mp4-77wg-rwx9"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-53548"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/clerk/javascript"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-345" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-07-09T18:07:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-07-09T18:15:24Z"
  }
}