GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp: Duplicate Advisory Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Share
CVSS 9.0
CWE-913
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.0) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-913: Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources) affecting Duplicate Advisory libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves nodevm nesting guard accepts array-shaped require and permits host rce. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.0
CWE Classification CWE-913: Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
Affected Product Duplicate Advisory
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.0

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity High (AC:H)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Duplicate Advisory dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

vm2 fixed: Latest secure release 
npm install vm2@Latest secure release
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls vm2

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls vm2

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Duplicate Advisory in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls vm2 command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-913: Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources, where the product does not properly restrict reading from or writing to dynamically-managed code resources such as variables, objects, classes, attributes, functions, or executable instructions or statements. In Duplicate Advisory, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Duplicate Advisory This advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-8hr7-r645-pc6w. This link is maintained to preserve external references. ## Original Description vm2 is a sandbox for running untrusted Node.js code. In versions >= 3.11.4 and <= 3.11.6, the NodeVM constructor computes `hasRealRequireConfig` with `typeof requireOpts === 'object' && requireOpts !== null`, so an array-shaped `require` value (for example `require: []`) satisfies the guard that is meant to reject nesting without an explicit require configuration. `makeResolverFromLegacyOptions()` then destructures the array into undefined option fields and returns a resolver containing only `NESTING_OVERRIDE.vm2`. As a result, an attacker who can supply JavaScript executed by a NodeVM configured with truthy `nesting` and an array-shaped `require` (e.g. `new NodeVM({nesting: true, require: []})`) can require the host `vm2` module, create an inner NodeVM with an attacker-chosen builtin allowlist (such as `child_process`), and execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the host Node.js process, escaping the sandbox. Outer builtin restrictions do not constrain the attacker-created inner NodeVM. This issue is fixed in vm2 3.11.7.

GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp Affected Duplicate Advisory Versions

1 component(s)
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
vm2
npm/vm2
npm
≥ 3.11.4
≤ 3.11.6

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-8hr7-r645-pc6w
NVD — GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92935
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/54b54b74a382577f0bcd0538c5bf99acdcd7f53b
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-node... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-nodevm-remote-code-execution-via-array-shaped-require

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp?
GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp is a security vulnerability in Duplicate Advisory involving NodeVM nesting guard accepts array-shaped require and permits host RCE under CWE-913: Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources.
Which Duplicate Advisory versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches across affected packages: vm2.
What version fixes GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is vm2 affected?
Yes, vm2 is affected in releases prior to Latest secure release. Upgrade your dependency to Latest secure release or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp?
GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.0 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp?
GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp is classified under CWE-913: Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources (The product does not properly restrict reading from or writing to dynamically-managed code resources such as variables, objects, classes, attributes, functions, or executable instructions or statements.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls vm2'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-9fxx-mv6c-j5xp",
  "modified" : "2026-10-01T15:32:41Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-17T15:32:14Z",
  "withdrawn" : "2026-10-01T15:32:41Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Duplicate Advisory: NodeVM nesting guard accepts array-shaped require and permits host RCE",
  "details" : "## Duplicate Advisory\n\nThis advisory has been withdrawn because it is a duplicate of GHSA-8hr7-r645-pc6w. This link is maintained to preserve external references.\n\n## Original Description\nvm2 is a sandbox for running untrusted Node.js code. In versions >= 3.11.4 and <= 3.11.6, the NodeVM constructor computes `hasRealRequireConfig` with `typeof requireOpts === 'object' && requireOpts !== null`, so an array-shaped `require` value (for example `require: []`) satisfies the guard that is meant to reject nesting without an explicit require configuration. `makeResolverFromLegacyOptions()` then destructures the array into undefined option fields and returns a resolver containing only `NESTING_OVERRIDE.vm2`. As a result, an attacker who can supply JavaScript executed by a NodeVM configured with truthy `nesting` and an array-shaped `require` (e.g. `new NodeVM({nesting: true, require: []})`) can require the host `vm2` module, create an inner NodeVM with an attacker-chosen builtin allowlist (such as `child_process`), and execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the host Node.js process, escaping the sandbox. Outer builtin restrictions do not constrain the attacker-created inner NodeVM. This issue is fixed in vm2 3.11.7.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "vm2"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.11.4"
      }, {
        "last_affected" : "3.11.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/security/advisories/GHSA-8hr7-r645-pc6w"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-92935"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/patriksimek/vm2/commit/54b54b74a382577f0bcd0538c5bf99acdcd7f53b"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/vm2-nodevm-remote-code-execution-via-array-shaped-require"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-913" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-10-01T15:32:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-17T14:17:57Z"
  }
}