GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr: n8n Cross-Tenant Module-Cache Poisoning Vulnerability

MODERATE
Share
CWE-20
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr is a MODERATE cross-tenant module-cache poisoning vulnerability (CWE-20: Improper Input Validation) affecting n8n libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves cross-tenant module-cache poisoning in the js task runner. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5.

GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score N/A
CWE Classification CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
Affected Product n8n
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

How to Fix GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected n8n dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

n8n fixed: 1.123.67 
npm install n8n@1.123.67
n8n fixed: 2.32.1 
npm install n8n@2.32.1
n8n fixed: 2.31.5 
npm install n8n@2.31.5
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls n8n

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls n8n

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of n8n in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 1.123.67), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls n8n command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation, where the product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly. In n8n, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Impact n8n's JavaScript task runner shared one module cache across all users' Code-node executions, so a user able to run a Code node could poison a cached module and alter other users' Code-node executions on the same runner, affecting their confidentiality, integrity, or availability. This is a cross-user isolation break within a single n8n instance. It does not constitute a sandbox escape or remote code execution. All multi-user n8n instances running the JS task runner with built-in or external modules enabled are affected. ## Patches The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability. ## Workarounds If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only. - Disable built-in and external module access in Code nodes by unsetting `NODE_FUNCTION_ALLOW_BUILTIN` and `NODE_FUNCTION_ALLOW_EXTERNAL`, which removes the poisonable module surface. - Use the external runner mode with a dedicated runner per user or project if your deployment supports it. These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.

GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr Affected n8n Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
1.123.672.32.12.31.5
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
< 1.123.67
1.123.67
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 2.32.0
< 2.32.1
2.32.1
n8n
npm/n8n
npm
≥ 2.0.0-rc.0
< 2.31.5
2.31.5

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr
n8n Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n
n8n Release RELEASE
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.67
n8n Release RELEASE
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.31.5
n8n Release RELEASE
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.32.1

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr?
GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr is a security vulnerability in n8n involving Cross-Tenant Module-Cache Poisoning in the JS Task Runner under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation.
Which n8n versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5 across affected packages: n8n.
What version fixes GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr?
Upgrading to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is n8n affected?
Yes, n8n is affected in releases prior to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5. Upgrade your dependency to 1.123.67, 2.32.1, 2.31.5 or later.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr?
GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr is classified under CWE-20: Improper Input Validation (The product receives input or data, but it does not validate or incorrectly validates that the input has the properties that are required to process the data safely and correctly.).
How can I check npm dependencies for GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls n8n'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr",
  "modified" : "2026-07-22T23:18:39Z",
  "published" : "2026-07-22T23:18:39Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "n8n: Cross-Tenant Module-Cache Poisoning in the JS Task Runner",
  "details" : "## Impact\n\nn8n's JavaScript task runner shared one module cache across all users' Code-node executions, so a user able to run a Code node could poison a cached module and alter other users' Code-node executions on the same runner, affecting their confidentiality, integrity, or availability.\n\nThis is a cross-user isolation break within a single n8n instance. It does not constitute a sandbox escape or remote code execution. All multi-user n8n instances running the JS task runner with built-in or external modules enabled are affected.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Restrict n8n instance access to fully trusted users only.\n- Disable built-in and external module access in Code nodes by unsetting `NODE_FUNCTION_ALLOW_BUILTIN` and `NODE_FUNCTION_ALLOW_EXTERNAL`, which removes the poisonable module surface.\n- Use the external runner mode with a dedicated runner per user or project if your deployment supports it.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.123.67"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.32.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.32.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "n8n"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.0.0-rc.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.31.5"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-9cmh-xcqm-5hqr"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.67"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.31.5"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.32.1"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-20" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-07-22T23:18:39Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}