GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4: Zendframework/zend json Zend-JSON Vulnerable To XXE/XEE Attacks Vulnerability

CRITICAL
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CVSS 9.8
CWE-776 CWE-611
Published
Advisory Summary

GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) zend-json vulnerable to xxe/xee attacks vulnerability (CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')) affecting Zendframework/zend json libraries in the Packagist ecosystem. The issue involves zend-json vulnerable to xxe/xee attacks. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.1.6, 2.2.6.

GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4 at a Glance

CVE Identifier N/A
GHSA Identifier GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion')
Affected Product Zendframework/zend json
Package Ecosystem Packagist
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Zendframework/zend json dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

zendframework/zend-json fixed: 2.1.6 
Upgrade zendframework/zend-json to 2.1.6
zendframework/zend-json fixed: 2.2.6 
Upgrade zendframework/zend-json to 2.2.6
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for zendframework/zend-json

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4, inspect your project dependencies for Zendframework/zend json:

inspect dependencies for zendframework/zend-json

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Zendframework/zend json in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.1.6), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion'), where the product uses xml documents and allows their structure to be defined with a document type definition (dtd), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities. In Zendframework/zend json, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Numerous components utilizing PHP's DOMDocument, SimpleXML, and xml_parse functionality are vulnerable to two types of attacks: - XML eXternal Entity (XXE) Injection attacks. The above mentioned extensions are insecure by default, allowing external entities to be specified by adding a specific DOCTYPE element to XML documents and strings. By exploiting this vulnerability an application may be coerced to open arbitrary files and/or TCP connections. - XML Entity Expansion (XEE) vectors, leading to Denial of Service vectors. XEE attacks occur when the XML DOCTYPE declaration includes XML entity definitions that contain either recursive or circular references; this leads to CPU and memory consumption, making Denial of Service exploits trivial to implement.

GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4 Affected Zendframework/zend json Versions

2 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.1.62.2.6
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
zendframework/zend-json
 Packagist
≥ 2.1.0
< 2.1.6
2.1.6
zendframework/zend-json
 Packagist
≥ 2.2.0
< 2.2.6
2.2.6

References

Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/078e77a6e59cdbf32a94691afe3523db340f5da9
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/7a747fbefe566c28a94b7e7ca37c15fc09ba4754
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/865f96ecbc5e080fccb5e75304ce06ac57d2ce22
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/89fc6f760478dc15519cb3ef4e4976425dc6ee10
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/9fe5103dc9be472fa0a443ca36619a2953b6f88e
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/acc60fc3fe56f5b0ad218c4c5789b21f11bc3a89
Zendframework/zend json Security Information SECURITY
https://framework.zend.com/security/advisory/ZF2014-01
Zendframework/zend json Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/zendframework/zend-json/ZF2014-01.yaml
Zendframework/zend json Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json

Frequently Asked Questions

What is GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4?
GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4 is a security vulnerability in Zendframework/zend json involving Zend-JSON vulnerable to XXE/XEE attacks under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion').
Which Zendframework/zend json versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.1.6, 2.2.6 across affected packages: zendframework/zend-json.
What version fixes GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4?
Upgrading to 2.1.6, 2.2.6 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is zendframework/zend-json affected?
Yes, zendframework/zend-json is affected in releases prior to 2.1.6, 2.2.6. Upgrade your dependency to 2.1.6, 2.2.6 or later.
What is the CVSS score of GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4?
GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4?
GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4 is classified under CWE-776: Improper Restriction of Recursive Entity References in DTDs ('XML Entity Expansion') (The product uses XML documents and allows their structure to be defined with a Document Type Definition (DTD), but it does not properly control the number of recursive definitions of entities.).
How can I check Packagist dependencies for GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for zendframework/zend-json'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-8x2v-pcg7-94f4",
  "modified" : "2024-06-07T21:49:11Z",
  "published" : "2024-06-07T21:49:11Z",
  "aliases" : [ ],
  "summary" : "Zend-JSON vulnerable to XXE/XEE attacks",
  "details" : "Numerous components utilizing PHP's DOMDocument, SimpleXML, and xml_parse functionality are vulnerable to two types of attacks:\n\n- XML eXternal Entity (XXE) Injection attacks. The above mentioned extensions are insecure by default, allowing external entities to be specified by adding a specific DOCTYPE element to XML documents and strings. By exploiting this vulnerability an application may be coerced to open arbitrary files and/or TCP connections.\n- XML Entity Expansion (XEE) vectors, leading to Denial of Service vectors. XEE attacks occur when the XML DOCTYPE declaration includes XML entity definitions that contain either recursive or circular references; this leads to CPU and memory consumption, making Denial of Service exploits trivial to implement.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "zendframework/zend-json"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.1.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.1.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Packagist",
      "name" : "zendframework/zend-json"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.2.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.2.6"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/078e77a6e59cdbf32a94691afe3523db340f5da9"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/7a747fbefe566c28a94b7e7ca37c15fc09ba4754"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/865f96ecbc5e080fccb5e75304ce06ac57d2ce22"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/89fc6f760478dc15519cb3ef4e4976425dc6ee10"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/9fe5103dc9be472fa0a443ca36619a2953b6f88e"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json/commit/acc60fc3fe56f5b0ad218c4c5789b21f11bc3a89"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://framework.zend.com/security/advisory/ZF2014-01"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/zendframework/zend-json/ZF2014-01.yaml"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/zendframework/zend-json"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-611", "CWE-776" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2024-06-07T21:49:11Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}