CVE-2022-45135: Cocoon SQL Injection Vulnerability

CRITICAL
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-8v4w-jr33-4rh3
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CVSS 9.8
CWE-89
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2022-45135 is a CRITICAL (CVSS 9.8) sql injection vulnerability (CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')) affecting Cocoon libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The issue involves apache cocoon sql injection vulnerability. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.3.0.

CVE-2022-45135 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2022-45135
GHSA Identifier GHSA-8v4w-jr33-4rh3
Severity CRITICAL
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 9.8
CWE Classification CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Affected Product Cocoon
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 9.8

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity High (I:H)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2022-45135

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Cocoon dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

org.apache.cocoon:cocoon fixed: 2.3.0 
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.cocoon</groupId>
    <artifactId>cocoon</artifactId>
    <version>2.3.0</version>
</dependency>
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.cocoon

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2022-45135, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.cocoon

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Cocoon in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.3.0), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.cocoon command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection'), where the product constructs all or part of an sql command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended sql command when it is sent to a downstream component. without sufficient removal or quoting of sql syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated sql query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as sql instead of ordinary user data. In Cocoon, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in Apache Cocoon. This issue affects Apache Cocoon: from 2.2.0 before 2.3.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 2.3.0, which fixes the issue.

CVE-2022-45135 Affected Cocoon Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.3.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
org.apache.cocoon:cocoon
maven/org.apache.cocoon/cocoon
Maven
≥ 2.2.0
< 2.3.0
2.3.0

References

NVD — CVE-2022-45135 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45135
Cocoon Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/apache/cocoon
lists.apache.org/thread/lsvd1hmr2t2q... WEB
https://lists.apache.org/thread/lsvd1hmr2t2q823x21d5ygzgbj9jpvjp
Cocoon Security Information SECURITY
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/30/3

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2022-45135?
CVE-2022-45135 is a security vulnerability in Cocoon involving Apache Cocoon SQL Injection vulnerability under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection').
Which Cocoon versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.3.0 across affected packages: org.apache.cocoon:cocoon.
What version fixes CVE-2022-45135?
Upgrading to 2.3.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is cocoon affected?
Yes, org.apache.cocoon:cocoon is affected in releases prior to 2.3.0. Upgrade your dependency to 2.3.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2022-45135?
CVE-2022-45135 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (CRITICAL) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2022-45135?
CVE-2022-45135 is classified under CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') (The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2022-45135?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree -Dincludes=org.apache.cocoon'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-8v4w-jr33-4rh3",
  "modified" : "2025-02-13T19:25:41Z",
  "published" : "2023-11-30T09:30:32Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2022-45135" ],
  "summary" : "Apache Cocoon SQL Injection vulnerability",
  "details" : "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection') vulnerability in Apache Cocoon. This issue affects Apache Cocoon: from 2.2.0 before 2.3.0.\n\nUsers are recommended to upgrade to version 2.3.0, which fixes the issue.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "Maven",
      "name" : "org.apache.cocoon:cocoon"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "2.2.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.3.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-45135"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/apache/cocoon"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.apache.org/thread/lsvd1hmr2t2q823x21d5ygzgbj9jpvjp"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2023/11/30/3"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-11-30T19:52:00Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-11-30T08:15:07Z"
  }
}