CVE-2026-54350: @budibase/server Budibase Has Nonymous NoSQL Operator Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-8qv3-p479-cj62",
  "modified" : "2026-08-12T18:57:33Z",
  "published" : "2026-06-23T17:43:10Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-54350" ],
  "summary" : "Budibase has nonymous NoSQL operator injection via published-app query templates",
  "details" : "## Summary\n\n`enrichContext` at `packages/server/src/sdk/workspace/queries/queries.ts:121-138` substitutes parameter values into the raw JSON body of a query, then `JSON.parse`s the result. The validator `validateQueryInputs` at `packages/server/src/api/controllers/query/index.ts:61-71` rejects only Handlebars markers (`{{`, `}}`) in user input and does not escape JSON metacharacters (`\"`, `\\`, `}`). A parameter value containing a closing quote and additional keys lifts attacker-controlled fields into the parsed filter object.\n\nFor Mongo `find`, the parsed filter passes directly to `collection.find()` (`packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts:506-510`). Duplicate-key JSON parsing overrides the builder's `{name: \"...\"}` with `{name: {$exists: true}}` and returns every document. The same primitive against an `updateMany` query (`mongodb.ts:577-585`) widens the filter scope to the full collection while the builder-controlled `$set` body runs against every matched document.\n\nThe `authorized` middleware at `packages/server/src/middleware/authorized.ts:141-148` short-circuits when the query's role is `PUBLIC`. CSRF is not enforced on this path. `POST /api/v2/queries/:queryId` (`packages/server/src/api/routes/query.ts:63`) accepts the call with no session, only an `x-budibase-app-id` header that is public from the published-app URL.\n\nResult: an unauthenticated visitor of any published Budibase app reads every document of the backing MongoDB, CouchDB, Elasticsearch, DynamoDB-PartiQL, or REST-with-JSON-body collection and, where the builder has published a PUBLIC write query, modifies every document of that collection with one HTTP request.\n\n## Affected\n\n`Budibase/budibase` server, `@budibase/server` package, `<= 3.39.0` (HEAD `feab995`, released 2026-05-20).\n\nReachable on any deployment where a workspace builder has set the role of a non-SQL query (MongoDB, CouchDB, Elasticsearch, DynamoDB-PartiQL, or REST with `bodyType=json`) to `PUBLIC` and published the app. This is the canonical low-code public-form use case.\n\nSQL datasources (Postgres, MySQL, MSSQL, Oracle, MariaDB) route through `interpolateSQL` and are not affected.\n\n## Root cause\n\n`packages/server/src/sdk/workspace/queries/queries.ts:121-138`: `processStringSync(fields[key], parameters, {noEscaping: true, noHelpers: true})` writes the raw parameter value into the JSON-body string with no JSON-string escape; the followup `JSON.parse(enrichedQuery.json || enrichedQuery.customData || enrichedQuery.requestBody)` lifts the substituted text into the integration filter object.\n\n`packages/server/src/api/controllers/query/index.ts:61-71`: `validateQueryInputs` only rejects values where `findHBSBlocks(value).length !== 0` (Handlebars markers) and ignores JSON metacharacters.\n\n`packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts:506-510`: `collection.find(json)` receives the user-controlled filter object directly with no key prefix or operator allow-list.\n\n`packages/server/src/integrations/mongodb.ts:577-585`: `collection.updateMany(json.filter, json.update, json.options)` accepts the templated filter without verifying that the substituted filter still matches the builder's intent.\n\n`packages/server/src/middleware/authorized.ts:141-148`: `if (resourceRoles.includes(roles.BUILTIN_ROLE_IDS.PUBLIC)) return next()` skips both authentication and CSRF.\n\n`packages/server/src/integrations/queries/sql.ts:29-122`: `interpolateSQL` rewrites every `{{ binding }}` to a positional bind placeholder (`$N` or `?`). The SQL leg is bind-parameterised; the JSON leg is not.\n\n## Reproduction\n\n`budibase/budibase:latest` (`v3.39.0`) Docker single-container, default config. Builder logs in once, creates a MongoDB datasource, creates a query `GetUserByName` with body `{ \"name\": \"{{ name }}\" }`, sets the query role to `PUBLIC`, and publishes the app.\n\n1. Anonymous client sends the inject payload to the read query.\n\n```http\nPOST /api/v2/queries/<read-queryId> HTTP/1.1\nHost: <budibase-host>\nx-budibase-app-id: <published-appId>\nContent-Type: application/json\n\n{\"parameters\":{\"name\":\"x\\\",\\\"name\\\":{\\\"$exists\\\":true},\\\"$comment\\\":\\\"audit\"}}\n```\n\n```json\n{\"data\":[\n  {\"_id\":\"...\",\"name\":\"alice\",\"secret\":\"alice-secret-flag\"},\n  {\"_id\":\"...\",\"name\":\"bob\",\"secret\":\"bob-secret-flag\"},\n  {\"_id\":\"...\",\"name\":\"admin\",\"role\":\"admin\",\"secret\":\"ADMIN-SUPER-SECRET-FLAG\"}\n]}\n```\n\n2. Builder publishes a second query `TouchUser` (verb `update`, action `updateMany`, body `{ \"filter\": { \"name\": \"{{ name }}\" }, \"update\": { \"$set\": { \"touched\": true } } }`, role `PUBLIC`). Anonymous client sends the same inject pattern.\n\n```http\nPOST /api/v2/queries/<updateMany-queryId> HTTP/1.1\nHost: <budibase-host>\nx-budibase-app-id: <published-appId>\nContent-Type: application/json\n\n{\"parameters\":{\"name\":\"x\\\",\\\"name\\\":{\\\"$exists\\\":true},\\\"$comment\\\":\\\"esc\"}}\n```\n\n```json\n{\"data\":[{\"acknowledged\":true,\"matchedCount\":3,\"modifiedCount\":3,\"upsertedId\":null,\"upsertedCount\":0}]}\n```\n\nLive-verified: against Budibase v3.39.0 on 2026-05-20, anonymous read returned every document including `ADMIN-SUPER-SECRET-FLAG`; anonymous `updateMany` reported `matchedCount: 3, modifiedCount: 3` against a 3-document collection where the builder's filter intended `name = \"x\"`.\n\n## Impact\n\n- Anonymous read of every document in any backing MongoDB, CouchDB, Elasticsearch, DynamoDB-PartiQL, or REST-with-JSON-body collection reachable through a `PUBLIC` query, including columns the published query was not designed to return (`password_hash`, `secret`, `api_token`, `mfa_secret`).\n- Anonymous modification of every document of that collection where the builder has published a `PUBLIC` `update`, `delete`, or `aggregate` query, beyond the builder's intended single-document scope.\n- One HTTP request, no session, no CSRF, no user interaction.\n\n## Credit\n\nJan Kahmen, [turingpoint](https://turingpoint.de) (jan@turingpoint.de).",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "@budibase/server"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.39.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase/security/advisories/GHSA-8qv3-p479-cj62"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-54350"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/Budibase/budibase"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-89", "CWE-943" ],
    "severity" : "CRITICAL",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2026-06-23T17:43:10Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-06-26T21:16:35Z"
  }
}