CVE-2025-27513: OpenTelemetry.Api Denial of Service Vulnerability

{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-8785-wc3w-h8q6",
  "modified" : "2025-03-05T21:54:14Z",
  "published" : "2025-03-05T18:15:22Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-27513" ],
  "summary" : "OpenTelemetry .NET has Denial of Service (DoS) Vulnerability in API Package",
  "details" : "### Impact\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\n\nA vulnerability in `OpenTelemetry.Api` package `1.10.0` to `1.11.1` could cause a Denial of Service (DoS) when a `tracestate` and `traceparent` header is received.\n\n* Even if an application does not explicitly use trace context propagation, receiving these headers can still trigger high CPU usage.\n* This issue impacts any application accessible over the web or backend services that process HTTP requests containing a `tracestate` header.\n* Application may experience excessive resource consumption, leading to increased latency, degraded performance, or downtime.\n\n### Patches\n_Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?_\n\nThis issue has been <strong data-start=\"1143\" data-end=\"1184\">resolved in OpenTelemetry.Api 1.11.2</strong> by <strong data-start=\"1188\" data-end=\"1212\">reverting the change</strong> that introduced the problematic behavior in versions <strong data-start=\"1266\" data-end=\"1286\">1.10.0 to 1.11.1</strong>.</li><li data-start=\"1290\" data-end=\"1409\">The fix ensures that <strong data-start=\"1313\" data-end=\"1380\">valid tracing headers no longer cause excessive CPU consumption</strong> when received in requests.</li></ul><h4 data-start=\"1411\" data-end=\"1434\"><strong data-start=\"1416\" data-end=\"1434\">Fixed Version:</strong></h4>\nOpenTelemetry .NET Version | Status\n-- | --\n<= 1.9.x | ✅ Not affected\n1.10.0 - 1.11.1 | ❌ Vulnerable\n1.11.2 (Fixed) | ✅ Safe to use\n\n**Upgrade Command:**\n\n```\ndotnet add package OpenTelemetry --version 1.11.2\n```\n\n**Delisting of Affected Packages**\nTo prevent accidental usage, we have delisted the affected versions (1.10.0 to 1.11.1) from NuGet. Users should avoid these versions and upgrade to 1.11.2 immediately.\n\n### Workarounds\n_Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?_\n\n### References\n_Are there any links users can visit to find out more?_",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "OpenTelemetry.Api"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "1.11.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "1.11.2"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "OpenTelemetry.Api"
    },
    "versions" : [ "1.10.0" ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "OpenTelemetry.Api"
    },
    "versions" : [ "1.10.0-beta.1" ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "OpenTelemetry.Api"
    },
    "versions" : [ "1.10.0-rc.1" ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "OpenTelemetry.Api"
    },
    "versions" : [ "1.11.0-rc.1" ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/security/advisories/GHSA-8785-wc3w-h8q6"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27513"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/pull/6161"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet/commit/1b555c1201413f2f55f2cd3c4ba03ef4b615b6b5"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-dotnet"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-770" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-03-05T18:15:22Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-03-05T19:15:39Z"
  }
}