CVE-2023-49278: Umbraco.CMS Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

LOW
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-7x74-h8cw-qhxq
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CVSS 0.0
CWE-200
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2023-49278 is a LOW (CVSS 0.0) remote code execution vulnerability (CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor) affecting Umbraco.CMS libraries in the NuGet ecosystem. The issue involves brute force exploit can be used to collect valid usernames. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 8.18.10, 10.8.1, 12.3.4.

CVE-2023-49278 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2023-49278
GHSA Identifier GHSA-7x74-h8cw-qhxq
Severity LOW
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 0.0
CWE Classification CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Affected Product Umbraco.CMS
Package Ecosystem NuGet
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 0.0

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2023-49278

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Umbraco.CMS dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Umbraco.CMS fixed: 8.18.10 
Upgrade Umbraco.CMS to 8.18.10
Umbraco.CMS fixed: 10.8.1 
Upgrade Umbraco.CMS to 10.8.1
Umbraco.CMS fixed: 12.3.4 
Upgrade Umbraco.CMS to 12.3.4
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for Umbraco.CMS

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2023-49278, inspect your project dependencies for Umbraco.CMS:

inspect dependencies for Umbraco.CMS

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Umbraco.CMS in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 8.18.10), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, where the product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information. In Umbraco.CMS, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

#### Impact A brute force exploit that can be used to collect valid usernames is possible. #### Explanation of the vulnerability It's a brute force exploit that can be used to collect valid usernames by using the “forgot password” function when trying to log into the Backoffice. If the username/email is known, it is easier to find the corresponding password. If an email address that was already used and registered by a user, is provided as an input, the server internal processing time takes longer. If the email address does not exist in the database of the registered users, the server would respond immediately.

CVE-2023-49278 Affected Umbraco.CMS Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
8.18.1010.8.112.3.4
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
Umbraco.CMS
nuget/Umbraco.CMS
NuGet
≥ 8.0.0
< 8.18.10
8.18.10
Umbraco.CMS
nuget/Umbraco.CMS
NuGet
≥ 9.0.0
< 10.8.1
10.8.1
Umbraco.CMS
nuget/Umbraco.CMS
NuGet
≥ 11.0.0
< 12.3.4
12.3.4

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/security/advisories/GHSA-7x74-h8cw-qhxq
NVD — CVE-2023-49278 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49278
Umbraco.CMS Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2023-49278?
CVE-2023-49278 is a security vulnerability in Umbraco.CMS involving Brute force exploit can be used to collect valid usernames under CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor.
Which Umbraco.CMS versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 8.18.10, 10.8.1, 12.3.4 across affected packages: Umbraco.CMS.
What version fixes CVE-2023-49278?
Upgrading to 8.18.10, 10.8.1, 12.3.4 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is Umbraco.CMS affected?
Yes, Umbraco.CMS is affected in releases prior to 8.18.10, 10.8.1, 12.3.4. Upgrade your dependency to 8.18.10, 10.8.1, 12.3.4 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2023-49278?
CVE-2023-49278 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 0.0 (LOW) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2023-49278?
CVE-2023-49278 is classified under CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor (The product exposes sensitive information to an actor that is not explicitly authorized to have access to that information.).
How can I check NuGet dependencies for CVE-2023-49278?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for Umbraco.CMS'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-7x74-h8cw-qhxq",
  "modified" : "2024-01-12T16:27:48Z",
  "published" : "2023-12-13T13:27:06Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2023-49278" ],
  "summary" : " Brute force exploit can be used to collect valid usernames",
  "details" : "#### Impact\nA brute force exploit that can be used to collect valid usernames is possible.\n\n#### Explanation of the vulnerability \nIt's a brute force exploit that can be used to collect valid usernames by using the “forgot password” function when trying to log into the Backoffice.\nIf the username/email is known, it is easier to find the corresponding password.\nIf an email address that was already used and registered by a user, is provided as an input, the server internal processing time takes longer.\nIf the email address does not exist in the database of the registered users, the server would respond immediately.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "Umbraco.CMS"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "8.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "8.18.10"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "Umbraco.CMS"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "9.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "10.8.1"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "NuGet",
      "name" : "Umbraco.CMS"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "11.0.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "12.3.4"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS/security/advisories/GHSA-7x74-h8cw-qhxq"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49278"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/umbraco/Umbraco-CMS"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-200" ],
    "severity" : "LOW",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2023-12-13T13:27:06Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2023-12-12T20:15:08Z"
  }
}