CVE-2025-27610: Local File Inclusion in Rack :Static Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-23
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2025-27610 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) :static vulnerability (CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal) affecting Local File Inclusion in Rack libraries in the RubyGems ecosystem. The issue involves :static. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.2.13, 3.0.14, 3.1.12.

CVE-2025-27610 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2025-27610
GHSA Identifier GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal
Affected Product Local File Inclusion in Rack
Package Ecosystem RubyGems
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality High (C:H)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2025-27610

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Local File Inclusion in Rack dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

rack fixed: 2.2.13 
Upgrade rack to 2.2.13
rack fixed: 3.0.14 
Upgrade rack to 3.0.14
rack fixed: 3.1.12 
Upgrade rack to 3.1.12
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

inspect dependencies for rack

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-27610, inspect your project dependencies for Local File Inclusion in Rack:

inspect dependencies for rack

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Local File Inclusion in Rack in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.2.13), your application is affected.

Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal, where the product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize sequences such as ".." that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory. In Local File Inclusion in Rack, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

## Summary `Rack::Static` can serve files under the specified `root:` even if `urls:` are provided, which may expose other files under the specified `root:` unexpectedly. ## Details The vulnerability occurs because `Rack::Static` does not properly sanitize user-supplied paths before serving files. Specifically, encoded path traversal sequences are not correctly validated, allowing attackers to access files outside the designated static file directory. ## Impact By exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can gain access to all files under the specified `root:` directory, provided they are able to determine then path of the file. ## Mitigation - Update to the latest version of Rack, or - Remove usage of `Rack::Static`, or - Ensure that `root:` points at a directory path which only contains files which should be accessed publicly. It is likely that a CDN or similar static file server would also mitigate the issue.

CVE-2025-27610 Affected Local File Inclusion in Rack Versions

3 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
2.2.133.0.143.1.12
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
rack
gem/rack
RubyGems
< 2.2.13
2.2.13
rack
gem/rack
RubyGems
≥ 3.0
< 3.0.14
3.0.14
rack
gem/rack
RubyGems
≥ 3.1
< 3.1.12
3.1.12

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v
NVD — CVE-2025-27610 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27610
Security Fix Commit FIX COMMIT
https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/50caab74fa01ee8f5dbdee7bb2782126d20c6583
Local File Inclusion in Rack Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rack/rack
Local File Inclusion in Rack Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-27610.yml
lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce... WEB
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2025-27610?
CVE-2025-27610 is a security vulnerability in Local File Inclusion in Rack involving :Static under CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal.
Which Local File Inclusion in Rack versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 2.2.13, 3.0.14, 3.1.12 across affected packages: rack.
What version fixes CVE-2025-27610?
Upgrading to 2.2.13, 3.0.14, 3.1.12 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is rack affected?
Yes, rack is affected in releases prior to 2.2.13, 3.0.14, 3.1.12. Upgrade your dependency to 2.2.13, 3.0.14, 3.1.12 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-27610?
CVE-2025-27610 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-27610?
CVE-2025-27610 is classified under CWE-23: Relative Path Traversal (The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize sequences such as ".." that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.).
How can I check RubyGems dependencies for CVE-2025-27610?
Run the dependency tree command: 'inspect dependencies for rack'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v",
  "modified" : "2025-11-04T00:32:21Z",
  "published" : "2025-03-10T22:19:30Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-27610" ],
  "summary" : "Local File Inclusion in Rack::Static",
  "details" : "## Summary\n\n`Rack::Static` can serve files under the specified `root:` even if `urls:` are provided, which may expose other files under the specified `root:` unexpectedly.\n\n## Details\n\nThe vulnerability occurs because `Rack::Static` does not properly sanitize user-supplied paths before serving files. Specifically, encoded path traversal sequences are not correctly validated, allowing attackers to access files outside the designated static file directory.\n\n## Impact\n\nBy exploiting this vulnerability, an attacker can gain access to all files under the specified `root:` directory, provided they are able to determine then path of the file.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to the latest version of Rack, or\n- Remove usage of `Rack::Static`, or\n- Ensure that `root:` points at a directory path which only contains files which should be accessed publicly.\n\nIt is likely that a CDN or similar static file server would also mitigate the issue.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
      "name" : "rack"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "2.2.13"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
      "name" : "rack"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.0.14"
      } ]
    } ]
  }, {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
      "name" : "rack"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "3.1"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.1.12"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7wqh-767x-r66v"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27610"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/50caab74fa01ee8f5dbdee7bb2782126d20c6583"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rack/rack"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-27610.yml"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-23" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2025-03-10T22:19:30Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : "2025-03-10T23:15:35Z"
  }
}