CVE-2025-25184: Possible Log Injection in Rack :CommonLogger Vulnerability
MODERATECVE-2025-25184 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.5) :commonlogger vulnerability (CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs) affecting Possible Log Injection in Rack libraries in the RubyGems ecosystem. The issue involves :commonlogger. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 2.2.11, 3.0.12, 3.1.10.
CVE-2025-25184 at a Glance
Security Impact
CVSS: 6.5
The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).
How to Fix CVE-2025-25184
To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Possible Log Injection in Rack dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.
Upgrade rack to 2.2.11Upgrade rack to 3.0.12Upgrade rack to 3.1.10Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release:
inspect dependencies for rackHow to Check if You Are Affected
To determine whether your application is affected by CVE-2025-25184, inspect your project dependencies for Possible Log Injection in Rack:
inspect dependencies for rackAnalyze the terminal output to locate any version of Possible Log Injection in Rack in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 2.2.11), your application is affected.
Note: Verify declared build manifests and deployed runtime container environments.
Technical Details
Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis
This vulnerability is classified under CWE-117: Improper Output Neutralization for Logs, where the product constructs a log message from external input, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements when the message is written to a log file. In Possible Log Injection in Rack, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.
Source Advisory Statement
CVE-2025-25184 Affected Possible Log Injection in Rack Versions
3 component(s)References
Frequently Asked Questions
What is CVE-2025-25184?
Which Possible Log Injection in Rack versions are affected?
What version fixes CVE-2025-25184?
Is rack affected?
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2025-25184?
What CWE is associated with CVE-2025-25184?
How can I check RubyGems dependencies for CVE-2025-25184?
Machine-readable OSV JSON
OSV v1.5 Schema
{
"schema_version" : "1.4.0",
"id" : "GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg",
"modified" : "2025-11-04T00:32:20Z",
"published" : "2025-02-12T19:18:35Z",
"aliases" : [ "CVE-2025-25184" ],
"summary" : "Possible Log Injection in Rack::CommonLogger",
"details" : "## Summary\n\n`Rack::CommonLogger` can be exploited by crafting input that includes newline characters to manipulate log entries. The supplied proof-of-concept demonstrates injecting malicious content into logs.\n\n## Details\n\nWhen a user provides the authorization credentials via `Rack::Auth::Basic`, if success, the username will be put in `env['REMOTE_USER']` and later be used by `Rack::CommonLogger` for logging purposes.\n\nThe issue occurs when a server intentionally or unintentionally allows a user creation with the username contain CRLF and white space characters, or the server just want to log every login attempts. If an attacker enters a username with CRLF character, the logger will log the malicious username with CRLF characters into the logfile.\n\n## Impact\n\nAttackers can break log formats or insert fraudulent entries, potentially obscuring real activity or injecting malicious data into log files.\n\n## Mitigation\n\n- Update to the latest version of Rack.",
"severity" : [ {
"type" : "CVSS_V3",
"score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N"
}, {
"type" : "CVSS_V4",
"score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P"
} ],
"affected" : [ {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
"name" : "rack"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "0"
}, {
"fixed" : "2.2.11"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
"name" : "rack"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "3.0"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.0.12"
} ]
} ]
}, {
"package" : {
"ecosystem" : "RubyGems",
"name" : "rack"
},
"ranges" : [ {
"type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
"events" : [ {
"introduced" : "3.1"
}, {
"fixed" : "3.1.10"
} ]
} ]
} ],
"references" : [ {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-7g2v-jj9q-g3rg"
}, {
"type" : "ADVISORY",
"url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-25184"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/074ae244430cda05c27ca91cda699709cfb3ad8e"
}, {
"type" : "PACKAGE",
"url" : "https://github.com/rack/rack"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/rack/CVE-2025-25184.yml"
}, {
"type" : "WEB",
"url" : "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/03/msg00016.html"
} ],
"database_specific" : {
"cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-117", "CWE-93" ],
"severity" : "MODERATE",
"github_reviewed" : true,
"github_reviewed_at" : "2025-02-12T19:18:35Z",
"nvd_published_at" : "2025-02-12T17:15:24Z"
}
}