CVE-2019-14772: Verdaccio Cross-Site Scripting Vulnerability

MODERATE
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-78j5-gcmf-vqc8
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CVSS 6.1
CWE-79
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2019-14772 is a MODERATE (CVSS 6.1) cross-site scripting vulnerability (CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')) affecting Verdaccio libraries in the npm ecosystem. The issue involves cross-site scripting (xss) in verdaccio. Remediation is available by upgrading affected packages to version 3.12.0.

CVE-2019-14772 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2019-14772
GHSA Identifier GHSA-78j5-gcmf-vqc8
Severity MODERATE
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 6.1
CWE Classification CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
Affected Product Verdaccio
Package Ecosystem npm
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 6.1

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction Required (UI:R)
Scope Changed (S:C)
Confidentiality Low (C:L)
Integrity Low (I:L)
Availability None (A:N)

How to Fix CVE-2019-14772

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Verdaccio dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

verdaccio fixed: 3.12.0 
npm install verdaccio@3.12.0
Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

npm ls verdaccio

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Node.js application is affected by CVE-2019-14772, inspect your project dependencies using npm:

npm ls verdaccio

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Verdaccio in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than 3.12.0), your application is affected.

Note: The npm ls verdaccio command inspects dependencies declared in your package.json and lockfile; it does not perform automated runtime dynamic scanning.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting'), where the product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users. In Verdaccio, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

### Impact What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? Cross-Site Scripting XSS, malicious packages with content Javascript that might be executed in the User Interface stealing user credentials. ### Patches Has the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to? Users that still using `v3` must upgrade to **>3.12.0** or those have no problem to migrate to a major version **>=4.0.0** also fix the issue. ### Workarounds Is there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading? No, the users must update. ### References Are there any links users can visit to find out more? https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/832 https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/833 The issue was reported by the NPMJS Security Team ### For more information If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Read the Security Policy to find the ways to be in contact with us.

CVE-2019-14772 Affected Verdaccio Versions

1 component(s)
Fixed Versions:
3.12.0
Product / Package Ecosystem Affected Versions Fixed Version
verdaccio
npm/verdaccio
npm
< 3.12.0
3.12.0

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/verdaccio/verdaccio/security/advisories/GHSA-78j5-gcmf-vqc8
NVD — CVE-2019-14772 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14772
Verdaccio Source Repository REPOSITORY
https://github.com/verdaccio/verdaccio
www.npmjs.com/advisories/832 WEB
https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/832
www.npmjs.com/advisories/833 WEB
https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/833

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2019-14772?
CVE-2019-14772 is a security vulnerability in Verdaccio involving Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Verdaccio under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting').
Which Verdaccio versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to 3.12.0 across affected packages: verdaccio.
What version fixes CVE-2019-14772?
Upgrading to 3.12.0 (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
Is verdaccio affected?
Yes, verdaccio is affected in releases prior to 3.12.0. Upgrade your dependency to 3.12.0 or later.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2019-14772?
CVE-2019-14772 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 6.1 (MODERATE) with vector string CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2019-14772?
CVE-2019-14772 is classified under CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting') (The product does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes user-controllable input before it is placed in output that is used as a web page that is served to other users.).
How can I check npm dependencies for CVE-2019-14772?
Run the dependency tree command: 'npm ls verdaccio'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-78j5-gcmf-vqc8",
  "modified" : "2021-10-06T22:02:18Z",
  "published" : "2019-05-29T18:02:59Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2019-14772" ],
  "summary" : "Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) in Verdaccio",
  "details" : "### Impact\nWhat kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?\n\nCross-Site Scripting XSS, malicious packages with content Javascript that might be executed in the User Interface stealing user credentials. \n\n### Patches\nHas the problem been patched? What versions should users upgrade to?\n\nUsers that still using `v3` must upgrade to **>3.12.0** or those have no problem to migrate to a major version **>=4.0.0** also fix the issue.\n\n### Workarounds\nIs there a way for users to fix or remediate the vulnerability without upgrading?\n\nNo, the users must update.\n\n### References\nAre there any links users can visit to find out more?\n\nhttps://www.npmjs.com/advisories/832\nhttps://www.npmjs.com/advisories/833\n\nThe issue was reported by the NPMJS Security Team\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Read the Security Policy to find the ways to be in contact with us.\n",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ {
    "package" : {
      "ecosystem" : "npm",
      "name" : "verdaccio"
    },
    "ranges" : [ {
      "type" : "ECOSYSTEM",
      "events" : [ {
        "introduced" : "0"
      }, {
        "fixed" : "3.12.0"
      } ]
    } ]
  } ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/verdaccio/verdaccio/security/advisories/GHSA-78j5-gcmf-vqc8"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-14772"
  }, {
    "type" : "PACKAGE",
    "url" : "https://github.com/verdaccio/verdaccio"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/832"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.npmjs.com/advisories/833"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-79" ],
    "severity" : "MODERATE",
    "github_reviewed" : true,
    "github_reviewed_at" : "2020-05-28T21:00:51Z",
    "nvd_published_at" : null
  }
}