CVE-2026-100657: Software Security Vulnerability Vulnerability

HIGH
Advisory Identifier: GHSA-7788-q3h4-2xcf
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CVSS 7.5
CWE-772
Published
Advisory Summary

CVE-2026-100657 is a HIGH (CVSS 7.5) security vulnerability vulnerability (CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime) affecting Software libraries in the Maven ecosystem. The weakness occurs when the product does not release a resource after its effective lifetime has ended, i.e., after the resource is no longer needed.. Remediation is available in the latest vendor maintenance releases.

CVE-2026-100657 at a Glance

CVE Identifier CVE-2026-100657
GHSA Identifier GHSA-7788-q3h4-2xcf
Severity HIGH
CVSS v3.1 Base Score 7.5
CWE Classification CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime
Affected Product Software
Package Ecosystem Maven
Published Date
Last Updated

Security Impact

CVSS: 7.5

The security impact metrics below are parsed directly from the CVSS v3.1 vector string (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H).

Attack Vector Network (AV:N)
Attack Complexity Low (AC:L)
Privileges Required None (PR:N)
User Interaction None (UI:N)
Scope Unchanged (S:U)
Confidentiality None (C:N)
Integrity None (I:N)
Availability High (A:H)

How to Fix CVE-2026-100657

To remediate this vulnerability, upgrade all affected Software dependencies to a patched release. Both direct and transitive dependencies should be checked, as frameworks or security libraries may pull in vulnerable versions transitively.

Verify Direct and Transitive Dependencies

Run the following command in your project directory to verify that all resolved dependencies use the patched release: 

mvn dependency:tree

How to Check if You Are Affected

To determine whether your Java application is affected by CVE-2026-100657, inspect your build dependencies using the Maven Dependency Plugin:

mvn dependency:tree

Analyze the terminal output to locate any version of Software in your dependency tree. If any resolved version matches the vulnerable ranges listed in the table below (for example, versions earlier than the patched release), your application is affected.

Note: The mvn dependency:tree command inspects the resolved dependency graph declared in your project's POM files; it does not perform automated security scanning or inspect runtime dynamic classpaths. Always verify runtime container classpaths and shaded JARs.

Technical Details

Vulnerability Mechanism & Technical Analysis

This vulnerability is classified under CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime, where the product does not release a resource after its effective lifetime has ended, i.e., after the resource is no longer needed. In Software, software state validation or input boundaries are circumvented during processing. Review the official source advisory statement below for specific affected components, classes, and reproduction details.

Source Advisory Statement

Netty's STOMP codec (io.netty:netty-codec-stomp) contains a ByteBuf leak in StompSubframeDecoder. Once a frame's declared content-length has been fully read, the decoder allocates a chunk buffer from the channel allocator and parks it in an instance field while waiting for the single NUL byte that terminates the frame. If that byte never arrives, the buffer is never released: the replay Signal thrown by skipNullCharacter extends Error rather than Exception, so the decoder's catch(Exception) release path does not run, and StompSubframeDecoder overrides neither handlerRemoved0 nor channelInactive, so the buffer also survives channel teardown. A remote peer can leak one allocator buffer per connection by sending a complete, well-formed frame body and withholding its terminating NUL byte; with the default pooled allocator the memory is never returned to the pool or reclaimed by garbage collection, so the leak accumulates for the lifetime of the process and can lead to memory exhaustion. This affects versions up to and including 4.1.137.Final and versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.17.Final; it is fixed in 4.1.138.Final and 4.2.18.Final.

References

GitHub Advisory / Wiki ADVISORY
https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-ghg5-c4jg-8q5j
NVD — CVE-2026-100657 NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-100657
www.vulncheck.com/advisories/netty-be... WEB
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/netty-before-4.1.138-final-bytebuf-leak-in-stompsubframedecoder

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CVE-2026-100657?
CVE-2026-100657 is a security vulnerability in Software classified as a security vulnerability vulnerability under CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime.
Which Software versions are affected?
Affected versions include releases prior to current release patches.
What version fixes CVE-2026-100657?
Upgrading to current release patches (or the latest patched release for your respective branch) resolves the vulnerability.
What is the CVSS score of CVE-2026-100657?
CVE-2026-100657 has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (HIGH) with vector string CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H.
What CWE is associated with CVE-2026-100657?
CVE-2026-100657 is classified under CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime (The product does not release a resource after its effective lifetime has ended, i.e., after the resource is no longer needed.).
How can I check Maven dependencies for CVE-2026-100657?
Run the dependency tree command: 'mvn dependency:tree'. This command lists direct and transitive dependencies in your build configuration so you can verify if a vulnerable version is resolved.
Machine-readable OSV JSON OSV v1.5 Schema
Normalized schema output
View Raw JSON 
{
  "schema_version" : "1.4.0",
  "id" : "GHSA-7788-q3h4-2xcf",
  "modified" : "2026-09-26T15:31:18Z",
  "published" : "2026-09-26T15:31:18Z",
  "aliases" : [ "CVE-2026-100657" ],
  "details" : "Netty's STOMP codec (io.netty:netty-codec-stomp) contains a ByteBuf leak in StompSubframeDecoder. Once a frame's declared content-length has been fully read, the decoder allocates a chunk buffer from the channel allocator and parks it in an instance field while waiting for the single NUL byte that terminates the frame. If that byte never arrives, the buffer is never released: the replay Signal thrown by skipNullCharacter extends Error rather than Exception, so the decoder's catch(Exception) release path does not run, and StompSubframeDecoder overrides neither handlerRemoved0 nor channelInactive, so the buffer also survives channel teardown. A remote peer can leak one allocator buffer per connection by sending a complete, well-formed frame body and withholding its terminating NUL byte; with the default pooled allocator the memory is never returned to the pool or reclaimed by garbage collection, so the leak accumulates for the lifetime of the process and can lead to memory exhaustion. This affects versions up to and including 4.1.137.Final and versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.17.Final; it is fixed in 4.1.138.Final and 4.2.18.Final.",
  "severity" : [ {
    "type" : "CVSS_V3",
    "score" : "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H"
  }, {
    "type" : "CVSS_V4",
    "score" : "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X"
  } ],
  "affected" : [ ],
  "references" : [ {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://github.com/netty/netty/security/advisories/GHSA-ghg5-c4jg-8q5j"
  }, {
    "type" : "ADVISORY",
    "url" : "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-100657"
  }, {
    "type" : "WEB",
    "url" : "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/netty-before-4.1.138-final-bytebuf-leak-in-stompsubframedecoder"
  } ],
  "database_specific" : {
    "cwe_ids" : [ "CWE-772" ],
    "severity" : "HIGH",
    "github_reviewed" : false,
    "github_reviewed_at" : null,
    "nvd_published_at" : "2026-09-26T14:16:48Z"
  }
}